Effects of surfactants on sulfation of negative active material in lead acid battery under PSOC condition

Challenges in Zinc Electrodes for Alkaline Zinc–Air Batteries: Obstacles to Commercialization

“…45 The above surfactants can significantly suppress the passivation and corrosion of the zinc anode in a diluted alkaline electrolyte because the adsorbed surfactant molecules can prevent contact between water and the anode. Some studies have suggested that anionic surfactants (e.g., SDBS) outperform cationic surfactants (e.g., CTAB) in enhancing the cycle life of the batteries 46,47 because the negatively charged polar group of SDBS coordinates to zinc ions at the anode surface, leading to the generation of small zinc oxide particles that effectively inhibit the growth of the passivation layer. In contrast, the positively charged polar group of CTAB shows weak interactions with zinc ions, leading to the generation of larger zinc oxide particles.…”

Enhanced cycle life of starter lighting ignition (SLI) type lead–acid batteries with electrolyte modified by ionic liquid

“…12,13 There are also literature reports on the effects of surfactants and ionic liquids. [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] The electrolyte is one of the active materials of the lead-acid battery and comes into contact with all elements of the system. Modifying its composition can signicantly affect the utilization of the active materials in both the negative and positive electrodes, as well as reduce the internal resistance of the entire device.…”

In situ detection of reactive oxygen species spontaneously generated on lead acid battery anodes: a pathway for degradation and self-discharge at open circuit

“…25 Extensive research is underway to enhance the stability of LABs by changing the composition of the negative electrodes to minimize the rate of self-discharge and suppress the gas emissions. [26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33] However, in order to improve the performance of LABs, the origins of the rapid self-discharge and the insidious side reactions should be explored.…”