Effects of sucrose and polyethylene glycol on hypericins content in Hypericum adenotrichum

Abstract

Background: Hypericum adenotrichum contain many biologically active compounds, some of which, especially hypericins (hypericin and pseudohypericin), have antidepressant, antimicrobial, antiviral, and antitumor properties. In this paper, we report the effects of osmotic stress on the production of hypericins in H. adenotrichum under in vitro conditions. Osmotic stress is an abiotic elicitor that can alter the physiological and biochemical properties of plants, as well as decrease or increase the concentrations of secondary metabolites in plant tissues. Material and Methods: Sucrose and polyethylene glycol (PEG) were used to cause osmotic stress. Seedlings of H. adenotrichum were grown on a modified MS medium containing sucrose (15, 30, 45, and 60 g/L) or PEG (2.5, 10, and 15 g/L) for 15 and 30 days. Then, H. adenotrichum seedlings were extracted with methanol. These extracts were analysed by HPLC to investigate the changes in hypericins levels.Results: Under osmotic stress conditions, the concentrations of hypericins changed in seedlings of H. adenotrichum. Treatment with 10 g/L PEG for 15 days increased production of hypericin (2.1-fold) and pseudohypericin (2.3-fold), but PEG treatment for 30 days affected less hypericins levels when compared to PEG treatment for 15 days. The amount that the hypericins increased was minimal and proportional with the amount of sucrose up to treatment with 45 g/L sucrose, and then the hypericins decreased at 60 g/L of sucrose treatment for 15 days. In sucrose treatment, the highest hypericins levels were observed in the control seedlings at 30 days treatment period of sucrose. Conclusions: These results can be evaluated in experimental botany and in the technology of Hypericum species cultivation for pharmaceutical applications. Yamaner O, Erdag B (2013) Effects of sucrose and polyethylene glycol on hypericins content in Hypericum adenotrichum. Eurasia J Biosci 7: 100-110. http://dx.

Elicitation as a tool to improve the profiles of high-value secondary metabolites and pharmacological properties of Hypericum perforatum

“…[69] Sucrose as an osmotic agent was shown to stimulate hypericins in cultured seedlings of H. adenotrichum with increasing concentrations until 45 g/ l, followed by decline. [89] Correspondingly, the presence of saccharose (10-30 g/l) influenced the production of hypericin and hyperforin in H. perforatum shoot cultures and a combination of PEG (1.25-5 g/l) and saccharose (10-30 g/l) synergistically increased the production of the above compounds. [69] Hypericum perforatum cell suspension cultures accumulated anthocyanins and flavonoids with concomitant reduction of xanthones upon increasing the irradiance of cultures from 20 lmol/s per m 2 to 60 lmol/s per m 2 .…”

“…Treatment with polyethylene glycol (PEG) increased the hypericin and pseudohypericin concentrations in cultured H. adenotrichum seedlings. However, this increase was dependent on the concentration of PEG and the treatment period, 10 g/l PEG for a 15‐day treatment being optimal . On the other hand, synthesis of hypericin and hyperforin in H. perforatum shoot cultures was not increased in the presence of 10 and 15 g/l PEG, although a lower PEG concentration stimulated the production of those compounds .…”

“…On the other hand, synthesis of hypericin and hyperforin in H. perforatum shoot cultures was not increased in the presence of 10 and 15 g/l PEG, although a lower PEG concentration stimulated the production of those compounds . Sucrose as an osmotic agent was shown to stimulate hypericins in cultured seedlings of H. adenotrichum with increasing concentrations until 45 g/l, followed by decline . Correspondingly, the presence of saccharose (10–30 g/l) influenced the production of hypericin and hyperforin in H. perforatum shoot cultures and a combination of PEG (1.25–5 g/l) and saccharose (10–30 g/l) synergistically increased the production of the above compounds …”

“…However, this increase was dependent on the concentration of PEG and the treatment period, 10 g/l PEG for a 15-day treatment being optimal. [89] On the other hand, synthesis of hypericin and hyperforin in H. perforatum shoot cultures was not increased in the presence of 10 and 15 g/l PEG, although a lower PEG concentration stimulated the production of those compounds. [69] Sucrose as an osmotic agent was shown to stimulate hypericins in cultured seedlings of H. adenotrichum with increasing concentrations until 45 g/ l, followed by decline.…”

Endemik ve Tıbbi Bir Bitki Olan Hypericum adenotrichum Spach’ın In Vitro Çimlenme ve Fide Gelişimi

“…Hypericum adenotrichum Spach is a perennial herbaceous and endemic plant, which grows in Turkey. Species-related studies are focused on the identification of the chemical and pharmacological properties and the determination of the secondary metabolite content [10][11][12][13][14]. Within the literature research, it is not found any information about the in vitro germination and seedling development of H. adenotrichum.…”