Effects of Substance P on Anterior Pituitary Secretion in the Female Rhesus Monkey

Eckstein, Nachman; Wehrenberg, W B; Louis, K M; Carmel, Peter W.; Zimmermann, Elizabeth A.; Frantz, Andrew G.; Ferin, M

doi:10.1159/000123098

Cited by 64 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Other investigators (23) reported increased in vitro release of somatostatin from hypothalamic fragments incubated in the presence of SP, which supports the concept that the central inhibitory effect of SP on GH may be mediated by somatostatin. On the other hand, Takahara et al (24) found that intraventricularly injected SP itself had no effect on serum GH, but it inhibited the y-aminobutyric acid-induced increases in serum GH. In the rhesus monkey, SP was also reported to induce a significant decrease in GH secretion (24).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Role of substance P in suppressing growth hormone release in the rat.

Arisawa

Snyder²,

Palatis³

et al. 1989

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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To evaluate a possible physiological role of endogenous substance P (SP) in the control of growth hormone (GH; somatotropin) secretion, a specific antiserum against SP (anti-SP) was injected intraventricularly (3 I1 into the third cerebral ventricle) in unanesthetized unrestrained normal male rats. Control rats received an equivalent volume of normal rabbit serum (NRS). Intraventricular iniection of the NRS lowered plasma GH concentrations significantly. The lowering was detected on first measurement at 10 min after injection and was maximal at 30 min. This was followed by a return toward the initial levels. Third ventricular injection of antiserum significantly increased plasma GH in comparison with control animals injected with NRS. The effect was observed within 10-20 min, and levels remained elevated for the 120-min duration of the experiment. To confirm the possible inhibitory role of endogenous SP on GH release, 3 pl of 0.9% NaCl (saline) alone or saline containing a specific antagonist of SP, was injected into the third ventricle of normal male rats. The antagonist also increased plasma GH sigicantly (P < 0.005) within 5 min compared with values in the saline-injected control group. Levels remained elevated for 30 min but had returned toward control values 60 min after injection. In contrast, synthetic SP significantly decreased plasma GH when injected intravenously or intraventricularly compared with plasma GH in the control saline-injected group.To investigate a possible direct action of SP on GH release from the anterior pituitary gland, we incubated synthetic SP with dispersed anterior pituitary cells for 1 hr. The release of GH from incubated anterior pituitary cells was not affected at any dose of SP (10-' to 10-6 M) tested. These data strongly indicate that endogenous SP has a physiological inhibitory role in the control of GH secretion at the level of the hypothalamus in the male rat. Substance P (SP) was originally detected in equine brain and intestine by Von Euler and Gaddum in 1931 (1). This undecapeptide was isolated from the hypothalamus and characterized by Leeman in 1970-1971 (2, 3). Immunocytochemical studies have demonstrated an SP-containing neuronal system in the hypothalamus (4-10), and the peptide has been localized to cells of the anterior pituitary gland as well (11,12 In Vivo Experiments. Experiment I. Six to 8 days before the experiment, a 23-gauge stainless steel cannula (17 mm in length) was implanted into the 3V as described earlier (13). Each cannula was provided with a mandril to prevent its obstruction. The location of the cannula in the 3V was confirmed when cerebrospinal fluid flowed continuously from the cannula. After implantation, the animals were placed in individual cages until the day of the experiment. Twenty-four hours prior to the experiment, an indwelling catheter was inserted into the right jugular vein by using the technique of Harms and Ojeda (14) while the animal was Abbreviations: SP, substance P; GH, growth hormone; GHRH, GH-releasing hormone; ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, Takahara et al (24) found that intraventricularly injected SP itself had no effect on serum GH, but it inhibited the y-aminobutyric acid-induced increases in serum GH. In the rhesus monkey, SP was also reported to induce a significant decrease in GH secretion (24).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of substance P in suppressing growth hormone release in the rat.

Arisawa

Snyder²,

Palatis³

et al. 1989

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…From several reports, SP has been shown to stimulate the release of PRL from anterior pituitary cells in vivo as well as in vitro (Eckstein et al, 1980;Chihara et al, 1978;Vijayan and McCann, 1978;Kat0 et al, 1976). The presence of [ lZ5I]-BH-SP binding sites on PRGcontaining cells provides evidence that SP exerts its prolactinreleasing action directly on mammotrophs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In vivo as well as in vitro, SP has been shown to stimulate the release of prolactin (PRL) from anterior pituitary cells (Eckstein et al, 1980;Chihara et al, 1978;Vijayan and McCann, 1978;Kat0 et al, 1976). In addition to its action on lactotrophs, SP is likely to influence gonadouophs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Binding of an iodinated substance P analogue to cultured anterior pituitary prolactin- and luteinizing hormone-containing cells.

Larsen

Særmark²,

Mau³

1992

J Histochem Cytochem.

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Several lines of anatomic, biochemical, and pharmacological evidence suggest that the neuropeptide substance P has a direct action on cells of the anterior pituitary lobe via a specific neurokinin-1 receptor. In the present study we confiied this association by combining Bolton-Hunter iodinated substance Preceptor autoradiography with immunocytochemistry on cultured anterior pituitary cells. Radiolabeled substance P was bound to living cell cultures at O"C, and after a brief wash the cultures were fued and processed immunocytochemically for prolactin and luteinizing hormone. A large proportion of cultured anterior pituitary cells possessed substance P binding Sites. When receptor autoradiography was combined with immunocytochemistry, it

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“…Substance P injected into the lateral ventricle of female Rhesus monkey increased prolactin and decreased growth hormone concentrations in serum (15), while in the rat these effects were variable, perhaps depending on the concentration employed (16)(17)(18)(19)(20). The effect on LH is controversial and depends on the species studied, the route of administration and sex-steroid hormonal status (16)(17)(18)21).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction between substance P and gastrin-releasing peptide on thyrotropin secretion by rat pituitary in vitro

Moura

Santos

et al. 1999

Braz J Med Biol Res

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The effect of substance P (SP) on thyrotropin (TSH) secretion is controversial. In this study we evaluated the effect of SP on TSH secretion by hemipituitaries of 3-month-old Wistar rats in vitro and its interaction with gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) at equimolar concentrations (1 µM and 10 µM). TSH release was measured under basal conditions and 30 min after incubation in the absence or presence of SP, GRP or both peptides. Pituitary TSH content was also measured in the pituitary homogenate after incubation. SP at both concentrations caused a significant (P<0.05) increase in TSH secretion compared with all other groups, which was approximately 60% (1 µM) and 85% (10 µM) higher than that of the control group (23.3 ± 3.0 ng/ml). GRP at the lower concentration did not produce a statistically significant change in TSH secretion, whereas at the concentration of 10 µM it produced a 50% reduction in TSH. GRP co-incubated with substance P completely blocked the stimulatory effect of SP at both concentrations. Pituitary TSH content decreased in the SP-treated group compared to controls (0.75 ± 0.03 µg/hemipituitary) at the same proportion as the increase in TSH secretion, and this effect was also blocked when GRP and SP were co-incubated. In conclusion, in an in vitro system, SP increased TSH secretion acting directly at the pituitary level and this effect was blocked by GRP, suggesting that GRP is more potent than SP on TSH secretion, and that this inhibitory effect could be the predominant effect in vivo.

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Effects of Substance P on Anterior Pituitary Secretion in the Female Rhesus Monkey

Cited by 64 publications

References 15 publications

Role of substance P in suppressing growth hormone release in the rat.

Role of substance P in suppressing growth hormone release in the rat.

Binding of an iodinated substance P analogue to cultured anterior pituitary prolactin- and luteinizing hormone-containing cells.

Interaction between substance P and gastrin-releasing peptide on thyrotropin secretion by rat pituitary in vitro

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