Effects of stocking density on growth of zebrafish (Danio rerio, Hamilton, 1822)

Rabbane, Golam; Rahman, Mizanur; Hossain, Anwar

doi:10.3329/bjz.v44i2.32760

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 11 publications

(12 reference statements)

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“…That fish from enriched and bare tanks were of similar length at 30 dpf was contrary to expectations. However, this may be explained by the fact that fewer larvae survived in bare tanks than in enriched and as an equal overall tank food ration was provided, more resources would have been available per fish for the fish in the bare tanks and stocking density is known to affect growth rate (including length gain) in D. rerio (Rabbane et al ., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effects of environmental enrichment on survivorship, growth, sex ratio and behaviour in laboratory maintained zebrafishDanio rerio

Lee

Paull

Tyler

2018

Journal of Fish Biology

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Environmental enrichment involves increasing the complexity of a fish's environment in order to improve welfare. Researchers are legally obliged to consider the welfare of laboratory animals and poor welfare may result in less robust data in experimental science. Laboratory zebrafish Danio rerio are usually kept in bare aquaria for ease of husbandry and, despite being a wellstudied species, little is known about how laboratory housing affects their welfare. This study shows that environmental enrichment, in the form of the addition of gravel substratum and plants into the tank, affects survivorship, growth and behaviour in laboratory-maintained D. rerio. Larvae reared in enriched tanks had significantly higher survivorship compared with larvae reared in bare tanks. Effects of the tank conditions on growth were more variable. Females from enriched tanks had a higher body condition than females maintained in bare tanks, but intriguingly this was not the case for males, where the only difference was a more variable body condition in males maintained in bare tanks. Sex ratio in the rearing tanks did not differ between treatments. Resource monopolisation was higher for fish in enriched tanks than for those in bare tanks. Fish from enriched tanks displayed lower levels of behaviours associated with anxiety compared with fish from bare tanks when placed into a novel environment. Thus, this study demonstrates differences in welfare for D. rerio maintained under different environmental conditions with enhancements in welfare more commonly associated with tank enrichment. K E Y W O R D Sbehaviour, environmental enrichment, fish welfare, growth, laboratory zebrafish, survivorship

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effects of environmental enrichment on survivorship, growth, sex ratio and behaviour in laboratory maintained zebrafishDanio rerio

Lee

Paull

Tyler

2018

Journal of Fish Biology

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“…Zebrafish behavior was observed at days 14 ± 1 (novel tank, mirror biting, predator avoidance, social interaction, and shoaling tests), 17 (color preference test), 19 (circadian locomotor activity test), and 21 (biochemical assay). All of the zebrafish in each group in every experiment were kept in a 4 L tank as, based on prior studies, this stocking density of zebrafish for the long-term helps to maintain low stress levels, with the assumption that all of the fish received equal amounts of the carrier [25][26][27][28]. Incubation water was changed every day and the donepezil concentration was maintained during incubation in all of the experiments.…”

Section: Preparation and Exposure To Donepezil Hclmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Adverse Effects of Chronic Exposure to Donepezil (An Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitor) in Adult Zebrafish by Behavioral and Biochemical Assessments

et al. 2020

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Donepezil (DPZ) is an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor used for the clinical treatment of mild cognitive impairment. However, DPZ has been reported to have adverse effects, including causing abnormal cardiac rhythm, insomnia, vomiting, and muscle cramps. However, the existence of these effects in subjects without Dementia is unknown. In this study, we use zebrafish to conduct a deeper analysis of the potential adverse effects of DPZ on the short-term memory and behaviors of normal zebrafish by performing multiple behavioral and biochemical assays. Adult zebrafish were exposed to 1 ppm and 2.5 ppm of DPZ. From the results, DPZ caused a slight improvement in the short-term memory of zebrafish and induced significant elevation in aggressiveness, while the novel tank and shoaling tests revealed anxiolytic-like behavior to be caused by DPZ. Furthermore, zebrafish circadian locomotor activity displayed a higher reduction of locomotion and abnormal movement orientation in both low- and high-dose groups, compared to the control group. Biomarker assays revealed that these alterations were associated with an elevation of oxytocin and a reduction of cortisol levels in the brain. Moreover, the significant increases in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in muscle tissue suggest DPZ exposure induced muscle tissue oxidative stress and muscle weakness, which may underlie the locomotor activity impairment. In conclusion, we show, for the first time, that chronic waterborne exposure to DPZ can severely induce adverse effects on normal zebrafish in a dose-dependent manner. These unexpected adverse effects on behavioral alteration should be carefully addressed in future studies considering DPZ conducted on zebrafish or other animals.

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“…The optimal holding density for growth in that study was therefore concluded to 4.2 fish/L. On the contrary, when Rabbane et al 20 investigated growth in relation to density, they received a different result. They found the growth rate and length gain to not be significantly different between 2.5 and 7.5 fish/L, while both variations generated significantly higher results than holding densities of 12.5, 17.5, and 22.5 fish/L.…”

Section: Growthmentioning

confidence: 80%

Effects of Holding Density on the Welfare of Zebrafish: A Systematic Review

Andersson

Kettunen

2021

Zebrafish

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The zebrafish is becoming an increasingly popular research animal around the world. Its welfare is affected by an array of environmental factors, such as food access and water quality. Holding density is an important welfare aspect, not least due to its interaction with other housing conditions. Despite the extensive use of zebrafish in research, little is known of how densities affect its welfare. In this systematic review, we have performed a large literature search, compiled, and evaluated all publications regarding zebrafish holding density. We have analyzed how density effects growth, reproduction, and stress response, including behavior, water quality, and pathogenic outbreaks in young and adult fish. Our review shows that the holding densities tested vary largely depending on the research focus, for example, body growth or behavior. In fact, research indicates that future recommendations on holding density could depend on which welfare aspects are considered. Overall, there is a need for more studies investigating the interactive effects of density on welfare indicators, such as reproduction coupled with stress response. We stress the necessity of including holding density in universal housing guidelines and reporting information on holding conditions of larvae and adults when publishing zebrafish work.

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Effects of stocking density on growth of zebrafish (Danio rerio, Hamilton, 1822)

Cited by 10 publications

References 11 publications

Effects of environmental enrichment on survivorship, growth, sex ratio and behaviour in laboratory maintained zebrafishDanio rerio

Effects of environmental enrichment on survivorship, growth, sex ratio and behaviour in laboratory maintained zebrafishDanio rerio

Evaluation of the Adverse Effects of Chronic Exposure to Donepezil (An Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitor) in Adult Zebrafish by Behavioral and Biochemical Assessments

Effects of Holding Density on the Welfare of Zebrafish: A Systematic Review

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