“… Hare et al (2021) demonstrated that increasing the proportion of dietary starch fed to beef cattle affected colostrum fat concentration, decreased protein concentration, and increased colostrum lactose concentration. Yet, in dairy cattle, colostrum macronutrient composition (CP, fat, and lactose) is largely unaffected by starch inclusion ( Dunn et al, 2017 ; Daneshvar et al, 2020 ; Fischer-Tlustos et al, 2021b ). There is generally a lack of response on colostrum fat concentration and yield, although Mann et al (2016) observed that fat yield tended to increase with greater ME intake.…”