Effects of stabilizer ratio on structural, morphological, optical and waveguide properties of ZnO nano-structured thin films by a sol–gel process

Khodja, S.; Touam, Tahar; Chelouche, A.; Boudjouan, F.; Djouadi, D.; Hadjoub, Z.; Fischer, A.; Boudrioua, Azzedine

doi:10.1016/j.spmi.2014.08.010

Cited by 43 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…For (–NH 2 ), the ratio of [MEA/Zn 2+ ] = 1 is extensively used in the literature; however, several researchers have reported that in case of [MEA/Zn 2+ ] = 2, a more enhanced texture orientation toward the c-axis direction of the zincite structure [15,53,65] is obtained, as well as a finer crystallite size with less porosity [66]. This approach is also confirmed by the investigations exclusively devoted to studying the effect of the amount of amino additives on the microstructural features of ZnO thin films [67,68,69]. While an equimolar ratio of [MEA/Zn 2+ ] is enough to form the [MEA][Zn(OAc)] spices, a higher ratio increases the solution’s pH value, which affects the formation of ionic zinc complexes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Enhanced Sol–Gel Route to Obtain a Highly Transparent and Conductive Aluminum-Doped Zinc Oxide Thin Film

Nateq

Ceccato

2019

Materials

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The electrical and optical properties of sol–gel derived aluminum-doped zinc oxide thin films containing 2 at.% Al were investigated considering the modifying effects of (1) increasing the sol H2O content and (2) a thermal treatment procedure with a high-temperature approach followed by an additional heat-treatment step under a reducing atmosphere. According to the results obtained via the TG-DTA analysis, FT-IR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction technique, and four-point probe resistivity measurements, it is argued that in the modified sample, the sol hydrolysis, decomposition of the deposited gel, and crystallization of grains result in grains of larger crystallite size in the range of 20 to 30 nm and a stronger c-axis preferred orientation with slightly less microstrain. The obtained morphology and grain-boundary characteristics result in improved conductivity considering the resistivity value below 6 mΩ·cm. A detailed investigation of the samples’ optical properties, in terms of analyzing their absorption and dispersion behaviors through UV-Vis-NIR spectroscopy, support our reasoning for the increase of the mobility, and to a lesser extent the concentration of charge carriers, while causing only a slight degradation of optical transmittance down to nearly 80%. Hence, an enhanced performance as a transparent conducting film is claimed for the modified sample by comparing the figure-of-merit values.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Enhanced Sol–Gel Route to Obtain a Highly Transparent and Conductive Aluminum-Doped Zinc Oxide Thin Film

Nateq

Ceccato

2019

Materials

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“…This apparatus uses the MLS technique based on the prism coupling method [46]. Details of this technique can be found elsewhere [32].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this context, we complete and enrich our understanding of Ag doped ZnO films via the investigation of the influence of low Ag doping concentrations (Ag < 1 at.%) on ZnO thin films properties. Moreover, to the best of our knowledge, a systematic study by the MLS technique [32] on the waveguide propagating modes and the corresponding refractive indices of sol-gel Ag doped ZnO thin films on glass substrates has not yet been reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Low Ag Doping on Physical and Optical Waveguide Properties of Highly Oriented Sol-Gel ZnO Thin Films

Dehimi

Touam

Chelouche

et al. 2015

Advances in Condensed Matter Physics

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A sol-gel dip-coating process was used to deposit almost stress-free highlyc-axis oriented zinc oxide (ZnO) thin films onto glass substrates. The effects of low silver doping concentration (Ag/Zn < 1%) on the structural, morphological, optical, and waveguide properties of such films were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy, UV-Visible spectrophotometry, and M-lines spectroscopy (MLS). XRD analysis revealed that all the films were in single phase and had a hexagonal wurtzite structure. The grain size values were calculated and found to be about 24–29 nm. SEM micrographs and AFM images have shown that film morphology and surface roughness were influenced by Ag doping concentration. According to UV-Vis. measurements all the films were highly transparent with average visible transmission values ranging from 80% to 86%. It was found that the Ag contents lead to widening of the band gap. MLS measurements at 632.8 nm wavelength put into evidence that all thin film planar waveguides demonstrate a well-guided fundamental mode for both transverse electric and transverse magnetic polarized light. Moreover, the refractive index of ZnO thin films was found to increase by Ag doping levels.

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“…Notable features include its direct band gap $3.37 eV and a large exciton binding energy of 60 meV [1,2]. In the past, ZnO has been used as active materials in antireflective coatings [3], transparent conductive electrodes [4], humidity sensors [5], thin film transistors [6], piezoelectric nanogenerators [7] and UV light emitter diodes [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sol–gel production of Cu/Al co-doped zinc oxide: Effect of Al co-doping concentration on its structure and optoelectronic properties

2014

Superlattices and Microstructures

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Effects of stabilizer ratio on structural, morphological, optical and waveguide properties of ZnO nano-structured thin films by a sol–gel process

Cited by 43 publications

References 44 publications

Enhanced Sol–Gel Route to Obtain a Highly Transparent and Conductive Aluminum-Doped Zinc Oxide Thin Film

Enhanced Sol–Gel Route to Obtain a Highly Transparent and Conductive Aluminum-Doped Zinc Oxide Thin Film

Effects of Low Ag Doping on Physical and Optical Waveguide Properties of Highly Oriented Sol-Gel ZnO Thin Films

Sol–gel production of Cu/Al co-doped zinc oxide: Effect of Al co-doping concentration on its structure and optoelectronic properties

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