Effects of stabilized stannous fluoride dentifrice on dental calculus, dental plaque, gingivitis, halitosis and stain: A systematic review

Johannsen, Annsofi; Emilson, Claes‐Göran; Johannsen, Gunnar; Konradsson, Katarina; Lingström, Peter; Ramberg, Per

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02850

Cited by 25 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 45 publications

(57 reference statements)

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“…Fluoride ions are deposed on the tooth surface as a layer of calcium fluoride. When the pH of saliva decreases, fluoride ions are released and can be incorporated into hydroxyapatite by substituting hydroxyl groups in hydroxyapatite, allowing the formation of fluorohydroxyapatite or fluorapatite, much more resistant to the acidic pH [ 122 , 123 , 124 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Antibacterial effects of stannous fluoride were observed as well as its ability to prevent dental plaque formation resulting in antigingivitis property [ 125 , 126 ]. Stannous fluoride reduces calculus formation (by inhibition of calcium phosphate compound creation), halitosis (by reduction in volatile sulphur compound levels and antimicrobial activity) and dentinal hypersensitivity (by forming precipitates in the dentin tubules) [ 122 , 127 , 128 , 129 , 130 ]. Antimicrobial and anti-halitosis effects of stannous fluoride may be potentiated by content of zinc compounds, which are added to dentifrices as stabilisers protecting stannous from oxidation [ 129 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Fresh Look at Mouthwashes—What Is Inside and What Is It For?

Radzki

Wilhelm-Węglarz

Pruska

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Mouthwashes are a very popular additional oral hygiene element and there are plenty of individual products, whose compositions are in a state of flux. The aim of our study was to investigate the compositions of mouthwashes and their functions, as well as to discuss their effectiveness in preventing and curing oral diseases and side effects. We searched for mouthwashes available on the market in Poland. We identified 241 individual mouthwash products. The extraction of compositions was performed and functions of the ingredients were assessed. Then, analysis was performed. The evaluation revealed that there are plenty of ingredients, but a typical mouthwash is a water–glycerine mixture and consists of additional sweetener, surfactant, preservative, and some colourant and flavouring agent, as well as usually having two oral health substances, anticaries sodium fluoride and antimicrobial essential oils. The effectiveness or side effects of several substances of mouthwashes were thoroughly discussed. We recommend not multiplying individual mouthwash products and their ingredients beyond medical or pharmaceutical necessity, especially without scientific proof.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Fresh Look at Mouthwashes—What Is Inside and What Is It For?

Radzki

Wilhelm-Węglarz

Pruska

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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“…Examination of gingival bleeding on probing as an indication of gingival inflammation is important as maintenance of periodontal and gingival health can be predicted by a low number of bleeding sites [ 21 ]. The effects of SnF 2 containing toothpastes on gingivitis have been described in several other clinical studies and reviews [ 22 , 23 ]; however, many of these were carried out over long time periods such as 12 weeks [ 14 , 24 ] or 6 months [ 7 , 12 , 25 , 26 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A randomised clinical study investigating efficacy of a stannous fluoride toothpaste in improving gingival health after 3 weeks’ use

Acherkouk¹,

Patel²,

Butler³

et al. 2021

BMC Oral Health

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Background This examiner-blind, stratified, parallel study aimed to evaluate the anti-gingivitis efficacy of a non-aqueous (anhydrous) 0.454% w/w stannous fluoride toothpaste (‘Test’) versus a sodium monofluorophosphate toothpaste (‘Control’) in people with clinically-confirmed mild-moderate gingivitis. Plaque-induced gingivitis can progress to irreversible periodontitis if left untreated. This can be controlled by an effective oral hygiene regimen such as one including toothbrushing with a toothpaste containing the chemotherapeutic agent stannous fluoride. Long-term studies over 4–12 weeks have shown the efficacy of stannous fluoride; however, shorter term studies are needed to examine if the effects on measures of gingivitis and plaque control occur sooner. Methods Eligible participants were randomised to 3 weeks’ twice-daily brushing (for 1 min) with Test or Control toothpastes. The primary efficacy variable was between-treatment difference in Bleeding Index (BI) at 3 weeks; secondary variables were between-treatment differences in number of bleeding sites, modified Gingival Index (MGI), and Turesky modification of the Quigley–Hein Plaque Index (TPI) at Weeks 2 and 3. Results A statistically significant (p < 0.0001) lower BI score was reported for Test (n = 65) versus Control (n = 65) groups at Week 2 (mean difference: − 0.07 [95% CI − 0.9, − 0.05]; 32.7% difference) and Week 3 (mean difference: − 0.06 [95% CI − 0.8, − 0.04]; 29.2% difference). The Test group also demonstrated statistically significant lower (all p < 0.0001 versus Control) number of bleeding sites (Weeks 2/3 mean difference [95% CI]: − 10.04 [− 12.3, − 7.5]/ − 8.2 [− 11.1, − 5.3] sites; 33.0%/29.3% difference); MGI score (Weeks 2/3 mean difference [95% CI]: − 0.09 [− 0.13, − 0.06]/ − 0.10 [− 0.14, − 0.06]; 4.3%/4.7% difference); overall TPI score (Weeks 2/3 mean difference [95% CI]: − 0.45 [− 0.55, − 0.35/ − 0.42 [− 0.53, − 0.30] difference; 16.0%/15.1% difference) and interproximal TPI score (Weeks 2/3 mean difference [95% CI]: − 0.42 [− 0.52, − 0.30]/ − 0.41 [− 0.52, − 0.29]; 14.6%/14.1% difference). Both toothpastes were generally well tolerated. Conclusion Three weeks’ twice-daily brushing with the 0.454% w/w stannous fluoride Test toothpaste compared to the Control toothpaste led to statistically significant lower gingival bleeding, gingival inflammation and plaque levels in adults with mild-moderate gingivitis. These results indicate that plaque and gingivitis-reducing benefits of 0.454% w/w stannous fluoride may be seen from 2 weeks’ use. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04050722; 08/08/2019.

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“…The use of an SnF 2 toothpaste both alone and in combination with the mouth rinse produced a decrease in the prevalence of lactobacilli, Streptococcus oralis / Streptococcus mitis , and Streptococcus sanguinis [ 126 ]. For a systematic review on the efficacy of stabilized stannous fluoride (SnF 2 ), please refer to a recent publication [ 127 ].…”

Section: Fluoridesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Development of Active Ingredients in Mouthwashes and Toothpastes for Periodontal Diseases

et al. 2021

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Periodontal diseases like gingivitis and periodontitis are primarily caused by dental plaque. Several antiplaque and anti-microbial agents have been successfully incorporated into toothpastes and mouthwashes to control plaque biofilms and to prevent and treat gingivitis and periodontitis. The aim of this article was to review recent developments in the antiplaque, anti-gingivitis, and anti-periodontitis properties of some common compounds in toothpastes and mouthwashes by evaluating basic and clinical studies, especially the ones published in the past five years. The common active ingredients in toothpastes and mouthwashes included in this review are chlorhexidine, cetylpyridinium chloride, sodium fluoride, stannous fluoride, stannous chloride, zinc oxide, zinc chloride, and two herbs—licorice and curcumin. We believe this comprehensive review will provide useful up-to-date information for dental care professionals and the general public regarding the major oral care products on the market that are in daily use.

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Effects of stabilized stannous fluoride dentifrice on dental calculus, dental plaque, gingivitis, halitosis and stain: A systematic review

Cited by 25 publications

References 45 publications

A Fresh Look at Mouthwashes—What Is Inside and What Is It For?

A Fresh Look at Mouthwashes—What Is Inside and What Is It For?

A randomised clinical study investigating efficacy of a stannous fluoride toothpaste in improving gingival health after 3 weeks’ use

Recent Development of Active Ingredients in Mouthwashes and Toothpastes for Periodontal Diseases

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