A Fresh Look at Mouthwashes—What Is Inside and What Is It For?

Radzki, Dominik; Wilhelm-Węglarz, Marta; Pruska, Katarzyna; Kusiak, Aida; Ordyniec-Kwaśnica, Iwona

doi:10.3390/ijerph19073926

Cited by 17 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 159 publications

(132 reference statements)

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“…Regarding the use of fluorinated products, mouthwashes are a very popular additional oral hygiene element [27,28], and in our study, a good percentage was found to use them together with a fluoride toothpaste, with high satisfaction regarding it.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Oral Hygiene Habits and Use of Fluoride in Developmental Age: Role of Parents and Impact on their Children

Zumbo

Tranquilli

Stamegna

et al. 2022

BioMed Research International

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Introduction. In healthcare, the need to pay more attention to the achievement of two objectives within the society arises: health promotion and prevention in terms of nutrition, good education, sport, and health education. Scientific evidence shows that adequate health standards must be learned since childhood through the help of parents and appropriate school projects. Parental intervention must be appropriate to support the responsibility of their children’s health. In oral health, it has been established for many years that there is a correlation between parental behaviors and lifestyles and children’s attitude. The aim of this study is to verify the close relation between behaviors, habits, lifestyles, and the knowledge of parents about their oral health and, consequently, their focus and care for their own children’s oral health. Furthermore, the awareness of parents about the importance and use of fluorine was to be determined. Materials and Methods. The study lasted 15 months and was conducted from April 2018 to July 2019: an anonymous 29-question questionnaire was administered to all parents who accompanied their children (aged between 3 and 12 years) going under treatment in the Pediatric Dentistry Unit of the University Hospital Policlinico Umberto I, Rome. Anamnestic data, sociodemographic context (e.g., educational level and occupation), oral health habits, and prevention of parents and children and fluoride knowledge were investigated. The study received ethical approval. 204 questionnaires were collected. The data gathered were recorded with a specifically designed computer program and collected and analyzed using a Microsoft Excel 10 database. Data were evaluated using standard statistical analysis software; descriptive statistics including mean ± SD values and percentage were calculated for each variable. The relationship between the age of parents, between mother or father and the parents’ degree of education levels, and the knowledge for their own children’s oral health was explored using the chi-square test of homogeneity and Fisher’s exact test ( P value of < 0.05 considered as statistically significant). Results. From the acquired data, it is possible to deduce that the major respondents were mothers aged from 36 to 45, while only a small part were fathers aged above 45 years. Questions related to parents’ oral hygiene habits were included in the questionnaire, and from the sample taken into consideration, it emerges that 64.7% of the respondents (67.1% mothers and 57.7% fathers) periodically attend a dental office for a checkup, 20.9% tend to postpone the treatment, and 15.2% go there just for emergency. Some of the questions showed that 80% of the interviewed subjects use fluoride toothpaste for their child’s oral hygiene. Conclusion. Prevention in childhood, in addition to being synonymous with monitoring the oral health of the child, means first of all to pay attention to parents who are the main behavioral reference. It emerged that there is no adequate knowledge about fluorine, especially when the subjects have a low educational level. A role of fundamental importance for the diffusion of adequate concepts in the field of oral hygiene is covered, according to the data received from the study carried out, by the dentist and dental hygienist.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Oral Hygiene Habits and Use of Fluoride in Developmental Age: Role of Parents and Impact on their Children

Zumbo

Tranquilli

Stamegna

et al. 2022

BioMed Research International

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“…Besides, the lower antifungal activity found in herbal mouth rinses might be due to uncertainty on the effectiveness of active ingredients and their properties on two Candida species. In addition, it could be assumed that some of the components associated with the active ingredients may present no effects (medical or pharmaceutical) and are used only for marketing purposes (Radzki et al, 2022). Furthermore, there is also a possibility of differences between the declared and actual composition of a product, which may alter the characteristics and functions of the substances in the herbal mouth rinses tested in the study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of in vitro antifungal effects of synthetic and herbal mouth rinses on oral Candida albicans and Candida glabrata

Nordin¹

2022

Trop Biomed

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Mouth rinses which function as breath fresheners, medicaments, and antiseptics can also deliver oral therapeutic agents. This study evaluated and compared the antifungal effects of synthetic and herbal mouth rinses on oral C. albicans and C. glabrata via disk diffusion, minimal inhibition concentration (MIC), minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC), time-kill assay, and growth profile tests. The four chemical mouth rinses, namely Brand O (A), Brand M (B), Brand H (C), and Brand B (D) used in the study showed positive antifungal activity in these two species. The average diameter of the inhibition zones obtained from the disk diffusion test was higher in mouth rinse B (C. albicans = 12.0 ± 0.9 mm, C. glabrata = 13.5 ± 0.8 mm) compared to those in C, A and D. Both Candida species exhibited similar MIC and MFC values, ranging from 1.63 ± 0.5 to 18.75 ± 0.0 µg/mL and 6.51 ± 2.01 to 50.00 ± 9.36 µg/mL, respectively. These synthetic mouth rinses had efficient killing activity eliminating 50% of the growing population of both Candida spp. following 15 seconds exposure time. Analyses of the growth profile curves showed that mouth rinses B and A resulted in rapid growth depletion of both Candida spp. Meanwhile, three herbal mouth rinses, namely Brand S (E), Brand C (F), and Brand P (G), were less effective against C. albicans and C. glabrata. Mouth rinses B and A contained cetylpyridinium chloride and chlorhexidine, respectively, and could be an effective alternative for controlling and preventing oral candidiasis.

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“…Recently, there has been a growing surge in research investigating the constituents of mouthwashes. Whilst studies examining the ingredients of toothpastes have been conducted in Turkey 16 and mouthwashes in Poland, 17 no previous research has explored the composition of commercially available mouthwashes in the Turkish market. In this context, the present study is an innovative and pioneering approach where the contents of mouthwashes are comprehensively examined and presented for the first time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ingredients in Commercially Available Mouthwashes

Yazicioglu,

Ucuncu,

Guven

2024

International Dental Journal

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A Fresh Look at Mouthwashes—What Is Inside and What Is It For?

Cited by 17 publications

References 159 publications

Oral Hygiene Habits and Use of Fluoride in Developmental Age: Role of Parents and Impact on their Children

Oral Hygiene Habits and Use of Fluoride in Developmental Age: Role of Parents and Impact on their Children

Evaluation of in vitro antifungal effects of synthetic and herbal mouth rinses on oral Candida albicans and Candida glabrata

Ingredients in Commercially Available Mouthwashes

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