Effects of Soil and Land Surface Conditions in Summer on Dust Outbreaks in the Following Spring in a Mongolian Grassland

Kurosaki, Yasunori; Shinoda, Masato; Mikami, Masato; Nandintsetseg, Banzragch

doi:10.2151/sola.2011-018

Cited by 22 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Kurosaki et al (2011b) suggested that erosivity controls the DOF in the desert regions, while erodibility factors show a greater effect in other regions. The significant impact of erodibility parameters of precipitation, soil moisture, and above-ground biomass on variations in the DOF has been investigated at only one station in Mongolia by Kurosaki et al (2011a). Their findings have been confirmed by the present study and furthermore the previous analysis was for the first time extended to a wider dust-producing area of East Asia.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…A high DOR indicates a vulnerable land surface, for which dust outbreaks tend to occur. Kimura and Shinoda (2010) and Kurosaki et al (2011a) used the same definition for the DOR, but they used different definition for the SWF. Figure 2 shows the spatial distribution of the DOF during the study period of 1999 to 2013.…”

Section: Meteorological Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Kurosaki et al (2011a) suggested that changes in erodibility parameters of precipitation, soil moisture, and above-ground biomass significantly influenced dust outbreaks in April by using data at only one station for Mandalgobi, Mongolia. However, wider identification of the controlling factors for dust outbreaks has not been conducted over the entire arid and semi-arid region in East Asia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Regional Characteristics of Recent Dust Occurrence and Its Controlling Factors in East Asia

Kurosaki

Shinoda

et al. 2016

SOLA

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Aeolian dust, resulting from wind erosion, is controlled by two major factors: aeolian erosivity (i.e., wind speed) and aeolian erodibility (i.e., land surface conditions). Erodibility factors include a number of land surface parameters that interact in complicated manners. Thus far, the extent to which each of the factors contributes to dust outbreaks, which vary regionally and seasonally, remains unclear. As such, we present a novel map of the controlling factors for dust outbreaks in dryland of East Asia by quantifying the relative contributions of the erosivity and various erodibility parameters to inter-annual dust variations on a station basis during the period of 1999 to 2013. Erosivity controls dust outbreaks in the Taklimakan Desert, west of the Hexi Corridor, and on the north side of the Altai Mountain. On the other hand, dust outbreaks are dependent on erodibility in steppe regions: lower precipitation or less abundant vegetation during the previous summer was found to be related to dusty springs in the Mongolian steppe, whereas the less abundant spring vegetation and reduced snow cover enhanced dust outbreaks in the Inner Mongolian steppe. Anthropogenically restored vegetation in desertified areas was found to be likely to suppress dust outbreaks in the Loess Plateau.(Citation: Wu, J., Y. Kurosaki, M. Shinoda, and K. Kai, 2016: Regional characteristics of recent dust occurrence and its con-

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Meteorological Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Regional Characteristics of Recent Dust Occurrence and Its Controlling Factors in East Asia

Kurosaki

Shinoda

et al. 2016

SOLA

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“…A greater surface roughness (such as higher vegetation coverage) is likely to slow down the friction velocity and restrain the occurrence of dust storms (Mao et al 2013). At the same time, soil moisture, soil particle size, and the stability of the underlying surface together determine the threshold wind speed needed to blow up dust materials and affect the frequency of dust storm outbreaks (Song et al 2005;Kurosaki et al 2011). Along with the varying climate, regional atmospheric conditions and local meteorological elements are changing as well, and climate change-induced variations in surface conditions also occur.…”

Section: Primary Controls Of Dust Storm Outbreaksmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Perspective on Understanding the Reduced Spring Dust Storm Frequency in Inner Mongolia, China

Guo

Fan

2015

Int J Disaster Risk Sci

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Spatiotemporal patterns of dust storms are affected by climate change through changes in convective instability, regional meteorological characteristics, and local sediment supply. Linking dust storm dynamics to climate change helps the understanding of what controls the initiation of dust storms, and assists the prediction of future dust storm occurrence. This study examines the temporal dynamics of spring dust storms in Inner Mongolia, a major dust source area in East Asia. We found that severe spring dust storms have significantly declined from 1954 to 2007. Four dust storm types showed similar decreasing trends from 2001 to 2012. This change in spring dust storm dynamics is attributed to the shift in vegetation green-up dates based on the analysis of a satellite derived vegetation index. Earlier vegetation green-up has a dampening effect on spring dust storms. Suitable environmental conditions for vegetation green-up hinder the emergence of dust storms. This study expands our understanding of the dynamics of spring dust storms in the changing climate through a new perspective on vegetation phenology in the spring.

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“…According to the analysis using SYNOP weather reports by the World Meteorological Organization, strong wind significantly affects dust events in northeast Asia (Lim and Chun 2006;Shao and Dong 2006;Sun et al 2001). However, results by Kurosaki et al (2011b) and Kimura (2012) indicate that it is also necessary to consider surface conditions that have an important effect on the dust events. As a result of the analysis from SYNOP weather reports and actual observation, Kimura et al (2009) and Kimura and Shinoda (2010) suggested that the threshold vegetation cover for preventing dust outbreaks was 20% in the Loess Plateau of China and grassland in Mongolia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the Strong Wind and Land Cover in Dust Source Regions on the Asian Dust Event over Japan from 2000 to 2011

Kimura

2012

SOLA

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The relationship between the strong wind and land cover in dust source regions and the Asian dust event over Japan (ADE) was analyzed using the weather reports and coverage of the Normalized Differential Vegetation Index (NDVI) derived from the MODIS-Terra reflectance products during the spring (March to May) of 2000 to 2011. The target area for the dust source area in northeast Asia was defined as 35°N to 45°N and 100°E to 115°E as with Kimura (2012)

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Effects of Soil and Land Surface Conditions in Summer on Dust Outbreaks in the Following Spring in a Mongolian Grassland

Abstract: We propose an index of soil and land surface conditions for wind erosion to investigate their effects on dust outbreaks. The index is the normalized dust outbreak frequency (Nf DO ), which is the ratio of dust outbreak frequency to strong wind frequency.

Cited by 22 publications

References 13 publications

Regional Characteristics of Recent Dust Occurrence and Its Controlling Factors in East Asia

Regional Characteristics of Recent Dust Occurrence and Its Controlling Factors in East Asia

A New Perspective on Understanding the Reduced Spring Dust Storm Frequency in Inner Mongolia, China

Effect of the Strong Wind and Land Cover in Dust Source Regions on the Asian Dust Event over Japan from 2000 to 2011

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