Effect of the Strong Wind and Land Cover in Dust Source Regions on the Asian Dust Event over Japan from 2000 to 2011

Kimura, Reiji

doi:10.2151/sola.2012-020

Cited by 18 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(36 reference statements)

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“…Previous observational and modeling studies have shown that variations in winds, temperature, soil moisture, and precipitation can influence dust emissions, transport, and deposition, as well as dust concentrations in East Asia [ Xuan and Sokolik , ; Wang et al , ; Gong et al , ; Hara et al , ; Kimura , ; Tan et al , ; Abulaiti et al , ] and in other parts of the world [e.g., Doherty et al , ; DeFlorio et al , ]. The interannual variation of winds is known to be the most important factor that influences dust concentrations over China.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of the East Asian Monsoon on springtime dust concentrations over China

et al. 2016

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We use 150 year preindustrial simulations of the Community Earth System Model to quantify the impacts of the East Asian Monsoon strength on interannual variations of springtime dust concentrations over China. The simulated interannual variations in March‐April‐May (MAM) dust column concentrations range between 20–40% and 10–60% over eastern and western China, respectively. The dust concentrations over eastern China correlate negatively with the East Asian Monsoon (EAM) index, which represents the strength of monsoon, with a regionally averaged correlation coefficient of −0.64. Relative to the strongest EAM years, MAM dust concentrations in the weakest EAM years are higher over China, with regional relative differences of 55.6%, 29.6%, and 13.9% in the run with emissions calculated interactively and of 33.8%, 10.3%, and 8.2% over eastern, central, and western China, respectively, in the run with prescribed emissions. Both interactive run and prescribed emission run show the similar pattern of climate change between the weakest and strongest EAM years. Strong anomalous northwesterly and westerly winds over the Gobi and Taklamakan deserts during the weakest EAM years result in larger transport fluxes, and thereby increase the dust concentrations over China. These differences in dust concentrations between the weakest and strongest EAM years (weakest‐strongest) lead to the change in the net radiative forcing by up to −8 and −3 W m−2 at the surface, compared to −2.4 and +1.2 W m−2 at the top of the atmosphere over eastern and western China, respectively.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of the East Asian Monsoon on springtime dust concentrations over China

et al. 2016

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“…The area around Urmia Lake that was considered for this study has been selected based on remotely sensed NDVI values smaller than 0.2, which represent bare soil (Kimura et al, 2009; Kimura, 2012). It can be safely assumed that vegetated areas (NDVI ≥ 0.2) do not significantly contribute to dust generation (Jugder et al, 2014; Fan et al, 2014; Kimura and Shinoda, 2010).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Satellite Remote Sensing for Estimation of Dust Emission Probability in the Urmia Lake Basin in Iran

Effati

Bahrami

Gohardoust

et al. 2019

Soil Science Soc of Amer J

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Saline playas in arid and semiarid regions of the world are significant sources of unconsolidated sediments susceptible to aeolian transport. Lake Urmia in Iran, one of the largest saltwater lakes on Earth, has waned to approximately 18% of its original size due to groundwater pumping and surface water diversions. This has led to ecosystem degradation, accelerated desertification and frequent dust storms, causing public health problems. In this paper we introduce a new framework for delineation of dust source zones and estimation of dust occurrence probability based on remotely sensed land surface properties (soil moisture and vegetation cover), soil texture, wind speed, and measured dust frequencies. Observations from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) for the Urmia Lake basin were utilized to determine the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and to estimate surface soil moisture with a recently introduced optical trapezoid model. The soil textures extracted from the SoilGrids database and wind speeds obtained from local weather stations together with the estimated surface soil moisture were found to be highly correlated with dust emission probability. When the surface soil moisture is low, wind speed is the major determinant for dust occurrence. With increasing surface soil moisture, the dust occurrence probability decreases. Soil moisture effects are more pronounced at high wind speeds. While at low wind speeds the dust occurrence probabilities for the investigated soil textures loam, clay loam and sandy clay loam are similar, at higher wind speeds the sandy clay loam texture exhibits the highest susceptibility to dust generation. Core Ideas A remote sensing framework for delineation of dust source zones is introduced. Surface soil moisture and soil texture are correlated with dust emission frequency. Dust occurrence probability is highest for low moisture conditions and sandy soils.

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“…Small positive values indicate bare ground with little or no green vegetation, while values approaching 1 are a sign of lush green vegetation. [8] indicated that 0.05 ≤ NDVI < 0.2 is bare land or bare land surface with less vegetation, based on the [9]. The NDVI can be estimated from the reflectances of bands 3 and 4 using the following formula:…”

Section: Site Description and Analysis Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cultivation Features Using Meteorological and Satellite Data from 2001 to 2010 in Dakhla Oasis, Egypt

Kimura¹,

Katô²,

Iwasaki³

2015

JWARP

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The differences between the oasis region and the regions of the Nile delta and Nile valley in Egypt are due mainly to the regions' access to water. The oasis region depends on underground water, while the other regions rely on the Nile River. Numerous studies on cultivation in the Nile delta have been accumulated. However, few studies have addressed cultivation in the oasis region. This study examines cultivation throughout the government and local well districts using meteorological and satellite data from 2001 to 2010, and the interview in Rashda Village, Dakhla Oasis. Since the reference evapotranspiration (ET 0 ) is lower in winter than in summer, cultivation in winter makes sense from the viewpoint of saving irrigation water. Evapotranspiration is highest in the order of date palm, rice paddy, winter wheat, and clover hay under sufficient wet conditions in Rashda Village. Cultivation features and water requirements were examined using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI). Results indicated a distinct difference in cultivation systems between the summer and winter seasons in the government well district. Water requirements for date palm in the local well district were 2.6 times those for winter plants in the government well district, using the accumulated NDWI value.

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Effect of the Strong Wind and Land Cover in Dust Source Regions on the Asian Dust Event over Japan from 2000 to 2011

Cited by 18 publications

References 21 publications

Impacts of the East Asian Monsoon on springtime dust concentrations over China

Impacts of the East Asian Monsoon on springtime dust concentrations over China

Application of Satellite Remote Sensing for Estimation of Dust Emission Probability in the Urmia Lake Basin in Iran

Cultivation Features Using Meteorological and Satellite Data from 2001 to 2010 in Dakhla Oasis, Egypt

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