Effects of single and long-term administration of wheat albumin on blood glucose control: randomized controlled clinical trials

Abstract

Objective: To examine the effects of single and long-term administration of wheat albumin (WA) on blood glucose levels and blood glucose control, respectively. Design: Randomly arranged crossover trial for single administration in healthy subjects and double-blinded randomized controlled trial for long-term administration (3 months) in diabetic patients. In vitro a-amylase inhibitory activity of WA was also determined. Setting: Central Research Laboratories of Nisshin Flour Milling Co. Ltd. (Saitama, Japan) for single administration and Aiwa Clinic (Saitama, Japan) for long-term administration. Subjects: A total of 12 healthy adult male volunteers for the single administration and 24 type II outpatient diabetics with mild hyperglycemia for the long-term administration. Interventions: Subjects took soups containing 0, 0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 g WA before test meals for single administration, and patients took soups with or without 0.5 g WA before every meal for the long-term (3 months) administration. Results: In vitro a-amylase inhibitory activity of WA was 150 times that of wheat flour. In the single administration experiment, WA suppressed peak postprandial blood glucose levels in a dose-dependent manner: 31, 47, and 50% reduction after 0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 g administrations, respectively. In the long-term administration, 0.5 g of WA did not affect fasting blood glucose levels, whereas it reduced hemoglobin A 1 c levels. No significant adverse effects such as hypoglycemia or gastrointestinal disturbances were observed in the two experiments. Conclusion: In the treatment of type II diabetic patients, WA might be a useful functional food, which, with diet and exercise, could help to improve blood glucose control without any critical adverse effects.

Antidiabetic effects of natural plant extracts via inhibition of carbohydrate hydrolysis enzymes with emphasis on pancreatic alpha amylase

“…With respect to amylase inhibitors from wheat (Triticum aestivum), reductions in peak levels of postprandial glucose have been found in humans with minimal carbohydrate malabsorption signs (161,162). Concerning the latter, a randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted in forty overweight and obese subjects that received Phase 2, an aqueous extract of white kidney bean, for twelve weeks (163).…”

Green Rooibos Extract from <i>Aspalathus linearis</i>, and its Component, Aspalathin, Suppress Elevation of Blood Glucose Levels in Mice and Inhibit α-amylase and α-glucosidase Activities <i>in vitro</i>

“…Recently, the focus has been on functional food materials such as guava leaves extract (Deguchi et al, 1998), wheat albumin (Kodama et al, 2005), indigestible dextrin (Wakabayashi et al, 1995, Wakabayashi et al, 1999, etc., as candidates to prevent or improve postprandial hyperglycemia.…”

Suppressive Effect of Peach Leaf Extract on Glucose Absorption from the Small Intestine of Mice

“…Leaves of guava, 7) wheat albumin 8) and a Touchi extract 9) are used for this purpose in Japan. We found in this preliminary study anti-hyperglycemic activity towards mice in an extract of the leaves of Prunus persica Batsch.…”