Effects of silicate weathering on water chemistry in forested, upland, felsic terrane of the USA

Stauffer, Robert E.; Wittchen, Bruce D.

doi:10.1016/0016-7037(91)90487-p

Cited by 31 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Statistical analysis of the data from the National Surface Water Survey (Stauer, 1990;Stauer and Wittchen, 1991) and the mass balance studies using ®eld data from speci®c watersheds (Roth et al, 1985;Drever and Hurcomb, 1986;Barron and Bricker, 1987;Mast et al, 1990;Williams and Melack, 1991;Bassett et al, 1992) indicated that alpine lake water and stream water chemistry is dominated by classical weathering reactions such as silicate hydrolysis and carbonate mineral dissolution. The weathering process is not mitigated signi®cantly by the factors often seen in forested watersheds, such as soil ion exchange processes and buering eects from bioaccumulation (Velbel, 1985).…”

Section: Watershed Hydrogeological Typesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical modelling on the bare rock or forested watershed scale

Bassett

1997

Hydrol. Process.

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The simulation of weathering, solute distribution or acidi®cation at the catchment scale is predominantly done with either a mass balance or process level model. The former redistributes total elemental concentrations between known points with measured total concentration, but does not explicitly include catchment hydrology. The latter includes compartmental hydrological models and detailed descriptions of spatially averaged chemical reactions. Interestingly, the model applications tend towards hydrologically dierent watershed structures: mass balance modelling favours bare rock watersheds similar to the Apache Leap Research Site, whereas process level models are applied most often to forested watersheds, among which the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest is an example. Although constrained either by mineral or water compositions on the one hand, or calibrated against stream or lake water chemistry on the other, both approaches basically ®t parameters to the geochemical circumstances of the speci®c watershed of interest. Limited success is attained if the hydrological conditions remain within the circumstances of the parameter ®tting. The principal dierences in model formulation and approach to mass balance modelling are discussed. Without advancements in model calibration and rigorous model testing, and the development of methods for optimizing the important reactions and pathways, the transportability of models between watersheds or the simulation of extreme events will continue to be inadequate.

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Section: Watershed Hydrogeological Typesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical modelling on the bare rock or forested watershed scale

Bassett

1997

Hydrol. Process.

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“…The impact of disseminated calcite on solute compositions has been experimentally documented by leaching granitoid rocks (Stauffer and Wittchen, 1991;Clow et al, 1997;White et al, 1999b;Jacobson and Blum, 2000). Results indicated that initial effluent Ca, alkalinity and 87 Sr/ 86 Sr were dominated by rapid calcite dissolution, but as the experiments progressed the proportion of solutes contributed from silicate weathering increased as calcite was consumed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

The ubiquitous nature of accessory calcite in granitoid rocks: Implications for weathering, solute evolution, and petrogenesis

White¹,

Schulz²,

Lowenstern³

et al. 2005

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

139

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“…Hubbard Brook has both the lowest cation and Si yields with a ratio of $1. The ST z + yields at Hubbard Brook are similar to the average long-term weathering rates in other locations with crystalline rocks in the forested northeastern U.S. and the ST z + yields at Coweeta are similar to areas in the northeastern U.S. where current weathering rates are influenced by acid rain (April et al, 1986;Stauffer and Wittchen, 1991).…”

Section: Influence Of Uplift Rates and Rock Typementioning

confidence: 68%

Significance of Landscape Age, Uplift, and Weathering Rates to Ecosystem Development

2005

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The combined roles of chemical and physical weathering have profound effects on the development of terrestrial ecosystems. Landscapes which are tectonically active are rapidly denudated and continually produce nutrient solutes from fresh bedrock. The chemical weathering yields are related to climate, but also to geologic factors such as uplift rates. Long-term nutrient production and the phase of ecological development are closely related to geological setting. Until recently, this relationship has not been seriously considered by ecologists. Our analysis of existing information suggests, however, not only that the nature and type of geologic processes provide significant insights into landscape, but also to ecological development. In this paper, we describe the impact of geologic uplift on the long term generation of soluble nutrients from bedrock by evaluating long-term data from a number of forested sites and comparing it to newly collected data from Taiwan, an area undergoing rapid tectonic uplift.

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Effects of silicate weathering on water chemistry in forested, upland, felsic terrane of the USA

Cited by 31 publications

References 59 publications

Chemical modelling on the bare rock or forested watershed scale

Chemical modelling on the bare rock or forested watershed scale

The ubiquitous nature of accessory calcite in granitoid rocks: Implications for weathering, solute evolution, and petrogenesis

Significance of Landscape Age, Uplift, and Weathering Rates to Ecosystem Development

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