Effects of Short-Term Tillage Managements on CH4 and N2O Emissions from a Double-Cropping Rice Field in Southern of China

Abstract

Soil carbon (C) content plays an important role in maintaining or increasing soil quality and soil fertility. However, the impacts of different tillage and crop residue incorporation managements on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from paddy fields under the double-cropping rice (Oryza sativa L.) system in southern China still need further study. Therefore, a field experiment was conducted to determine the impacts of different short-term (5-years) tillage and crop residue incorporation managements on soil organic carbon (SOC) content, SOC stock, and GHG emissions from paddy fields under the double-cropping rice system in southern China. The field experiment included four tillage treatments: rotary tillage with all crop residues removed as a control (RTO), conventional tillage with crop residue incorporation (CT), rotary tillage with crop residue incorporation (RT), and no-tillage with crop residue retention (NT). These results indicated that SOC stock in paddy fields with CT, RT, and NT treatments increased by 4.64, 3.60, 3.50 Mg ha−1 and 4.68, 4.21, and 4.04 Mg ha−1 in 2019 and 2020, respectively, compared with RTO treatment. The results showed that early rice and late rice yield with CT treatment increased by 7.22% and 19.99% in 2019 and 6.19% and 6.40% in 2020, respectively, compared with RTO treatment. A two-year (2019–2020) investigation of GHG results indicated that methane emissions from paddy fields with NT treatment were decreased, but nitrous oxide emissions from paddy fields were increased. The lowest mean global warming potential (GWP) and per yield GWP carbon dioxide were found with NT treatment, compared to RT and CT treatments. Therefore, it was a beneficial practice for maintaining SOC stock and decreasing GHG mitigation under the double-cropping rice system in southern China by applying no-tillage with crop residue retention management.

WITHDRAWN: No-tillage decreases GHG emissions by enhancing SOC and facilitating a stable methane-oxidizing bacterial community from an oilseed rape-rice system

“…Furthermore, NT can improve soil carbon stocks, nutrient content, and structural stability (Hungria et al 2009;Pu et al 2019), thereby promoting greater soil microbial activity than that observed in CT (Souza et al 2015). However, the impact of NT on GHGs is complex, potentially reducing CH 4 emissions and overall GWP, yet in some instances, increasing N 2 O emissions (Tang et al 2022). A previous comparison between NT and CT showed a complex pattern: NT led to higher CH 4 emissions in winter and lower N 2 O and CO 2 emissions in summer (Vilakazi et al 2021), with potential reductions in GHG intensity (Zhang et al 2014) and enhanced soil organic carbon (SOC) content (Palm et al 2014).…”

Sustainable Public Transport Strategies—Decomposition of the Bus Fleet and Its Influence on the Decrease in Greenhouse Gas Emissions

“…Therefore, when analysing the impact of greenhouse gases from the transport sector, the total emissions are expressed in equivalent CO 2 e, taking into account the greenhouse potential values of the constituent gases. The CO 2 e emission value was calculated from Formula (3): Global warming potential (GWP) is generally considered a vital indicator for the effects of GHG emissions, with the GWP of CO 2 defined as 1 [23][24][25]. The GWP values chosen for CH 4 and N 2 O are values over a 100-year time horizon relative to CO 2 .…”

Effects of tillage method on the carbon footprint, energy budget, and net ecosystem economic efficiency of rice fields

“…Our findings revealed that average annual soil carbon sequestration increased in the three tillage treatments, which suggests that soil carbon sequestration reduces the CF of rice fields. This positive effect mainly stems from the return of straw to the experimental plots in recent decades and cannot be explained alone by the short period over which our experiments were conducted (2 years; Huang et al, 2013;Tang et al, 2022). Some studies have also suggested that soil carbon sequestration reduces the CF in winter wheat-summer maize rotation and double-cropping rice systems (Shang et al, 2021;Sun et al, 2022).…”