Effects of Short-Term Dietary Protein Restriction on Blood Amino Acid Levels in Young Men

Sjøberg, Kim A.; Schmoll, Dieter; Piper, Matthew D. W.; Kiens, Bente; Rose, Adam J.

doi:10.3390/nu12082195

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…However, emerging evidence suggests that moderate dietary protein restriction is beneficial for metabolism in animals and humans [ 30 , 31 ]. Many studies have indicated that restriction of essential amino acids and non-essential amino acids can promote lipid metabolism and resist obesity through various pathways [ 32 , 33 ].…”

Section: Role Of Thr In Nutrition Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological Functions of Threonine in Animals: Beyond Nutrition Metabolism

Tang

Tan

et al. 2021

Nutrients

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Threonine (Thr), an essential amino acid for animals and the limiting amino acid in swine and poultry diets, which plays a vital role in the modulation of nutritional metabolism, macromolecular biosynthesis, and gut homeostasis. Current evidence supports that the supplementation of Thr leads to benefits in terms of energy metabolism. Threonine is not only an important component of gastrointestinal mucin, but also acts as a nutritional modulator that influences the intestinal immune system via complex signaling networks, particularly mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and the target of the rapamycin (TOR) signal pathway. Threonine is also recognized as an indispensable nutrient for cell growth and proliferation. Hence, optimization of Thr requirement may exert a favorable impact on the factors linked to health and diseases in animals. This review focuses on the latest reports of Thr in metabolic pathways and nutritional regulation, as well as the relationship between Thr and relevant physiological functions.

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Section: Role Of Thr In Nutrition Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological Functions of Threonine in Animals: Beyond Nutrition Metabolism

Tang

Tan

et al. 2021

Nutrients

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show abstract

“…This genome-wide averaged AA proportion can then be compared to the AA proportion in the food to identify the essential AA that is most underrepresented in the diet and thus predicted to be limiting. We demonstrated that supplementing the diets of flies and mice with the limiting AA that was identified in this way can improve growth and reproduction and modify feeding behaviour [14,21,22]. Thus, for every organism whose genome has been sequenced, exome matching can theoretically be used as a tool to guide precision nutrition for better health.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Biosynthetic constraints on amino acid synthesis at the base of the food chain may determine their use in higher-order consumer genomes

Ortega

Raubenheimer²,

Tyagi³

et al. 2023

PLoS Genet

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Dietary nutrient composition is essential for shaping important fitness traits and behaviours. Many organisms are protein limited, and for Drosophila melanogaster this limitation manifests at the level of the single most limiting essential Amino Acid (AA) in the diet. The identity of this AA and its effects on female fecundity is readily predictable by a procedure called exome matching in which the sum of AAs encoded by a consumer’s exome is used to predict the relative proportion of AAs required in its diet. However, the exome matching calculation does not weight AA contributions to the overall profile by protein size or expression. Here, we update the exome matching calculation to include these weightings. Surprisingly, although nearly half of the transcriptome is differentially expressed when comparing male and female flies, we found that creating transcriptome-weighted exome matched diets for each sex did not enhance their fecundity over that supported by exome matching alone. These data indicate that while organisms may require different amounts of dietary protein across conditions, the relative proportion of the constituent AAs remains constant. Interestingly, we also found that exome matched AA profiles are generally conserved across taxa and that the composition of these profiles might be explained by energetic and elemental limitations on microbial AA synthesis. Thus, it appears that ecological constraints amongst autotrophs shape the relative proportion of AAs that are available across trophic levels and that this constrains biomass composition.

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“…This genome-wide averaged AA proportion can then be compared to the AA proportion in the food to identify the essential AA that is most underrepresented in the diet and thus predicted to be limiting. We demonstrated that supplementing the diets of flies and mice with the limiting AA that was identified in this way can improve growth and reproduction and modify feeding behaviour (Piper et al, 2017;Solon-Biet et al, 2019;Sjøberg et al, 2020). Thus, for every organism whose genome has been sequenced, exome matching can theoretically be used as a tool to guide precision nutrition for better health.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The Biosynthetic Costs of Amino Acids at the Base of the Food Chain Determine Their Use in Higher-order Consumer Genomes

Ortega

Tyagi

Mirth

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Dietary nutrient composition is essential for shaping important fitness traits and behaviours. Many organisms are protein limited and for Drosophila melanogaster, this limitation manifests at the level of the single most limiting essential Amino Acid (AA) in the diet. The identity of this AA and its effects on female fecundity is readily predictable by a procedure called exome matching in which the sum of AAs encoded by a consumer’s exome is used to predict the relative proportion of AAs required in its diet. However, the exome matching calculation does not weight AA contributions to the overall profile by protein size or expression. Here we update the exome matching calculation to include these weightings. Surprisingly, although nearly half of the transcriptome is differentially expressed when comparing male and female flies, we found that creating transcriptome-weighted exome matched diets for each sex did not enhance their fecundity over that supported by exome matching alone. These data indicate that while organisms may require different amounts of dietary protein across conditions, the relative proportion of the constituent AAs remains constant. Interestingly, we also found remarkable conservation of exome matched AA profiles across taxa and that the composition of these profiles could be explained by the metabolic costs of microbial AA synthesis. Thus, it appears that bioenergetic constraints amongst autotrophs shape the relative proportion of AAs that are available across trophic levels and that that this constrains biomass composition.

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Effects of Short-Term Dietary Protein Restriction on Blood Amino Acid Levels in Young Men

Cited by 5 publications

References 25 publications

Physiological Functions of Threonine in Animals: Beyond Nutrition Metabolism

Physiological Functions of Threonine in Animals: Beyond Nutrition Metabolism

Biosynthetic constraints on amino acid synthesis at the base of the food chain may determine their use in higher-order consumer genomes

The Biosynthetic Costs of Amino Acids at the Base of the Food Chain Determine Their Use in Higher-order Consumer Genomes

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