Effects of short-cut fiber type and water-jet pressure sum on wet strength and dispersibility of wood pulp-based wetlaid/spunlace wipes

Zhang, Yinjiang; Xu, Yukang; Zhao, Yi; Huang, Chen; Jin, Xiangyu

doi:10.1007/s00107-018-1369-x

Cited by 14 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…4 to Fig. 6, are in good accordance to recent publications (Zhang et al, 2019a(Zhang et al, , 2019b, con rming that initially the wet wipes are disintegrating well. The problem clearly is the storage of the wipes in water or lotion.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…In contrast to these occurrences many publications (Deng et al, 2018;Karadagli et al, 2009; Tang and Jin, 2012; Zhang et al, 2019b found good dispersible properties for wet wipe materials directly after production prior to applying any liquid to the fabrics. Taking all the presented ndings into account it stands to reason that the storage conditions impact the dispersibility of wet wipes leading to our rst hypothesis:…”

Section: Research Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 90%

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WITHDRAWN: How Flushable Wet Wipes Are Causing Sewer Blockages – and An Approach to Prevent That

Harter

Bernt²,

Winkler³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Scientific publications and newsfeeds recently focused on flushable wet wipes and their role in sewage system blockages. It is stated that although products are marked as flushable, they do not disintegrate after being disposed of via the toilet. In this work it is shown that wetlaid hydroentangled wet wipes lose their initially good dispersive properties during their storage in wet condition. This behaviour is found for both, wet wipes from industrial production and wipes produced on pilot facilities. It is demonstrated that the deterioration of the wipe’s ability to disintegrate during wet storage is linked to the type of cellulosic fibres used. Only wipes made from a combination of band-shaped viscose fibres and unbleached softwood pulp fibres were preserving good disintegration during wet storage. The results are also suggesting to add tests after defined times of wet storage when assessing the flushability of wet wipes.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Research Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 90%

WITHDRAWN: How Flushable Wet Wipes Are Causing Sewer Blockages – and An Approach to Prevent That

Harter

Bernt²,

Winkler³

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Wet wipes are facing the problem that they are contributing to sewer blockages which is documented publicly 21 , 38 and scientifically 27 as they do not disperse. In contrast to these occurrences many publications 32 – 37 found good dispersible properties for wet wipe materials directly after production prior to applying any liquid to the fabrics. Taking all the presented findings into account it stands to reason that the storage conditions impact the dispersibility of wet wipes leading to our first hypothesis: Storage conditions and storage time are liable for wet wipes to deteriorate their initially good dispersibility.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Many methods exist to determine the dispersive behaviour of wet wipes 11 , 34 , 37 , in this work we used the slosh-box-test. As a testing method that is used by the nonwoven industry 15 and the water service companies 16 the slosh box test is a widely accepted method to characterize the dispersibility of wet wipes.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reduced dispersibility of flushable wet wipes after wet storage

Harter

Bernt²,

Winkler³

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Scientific publications and newsfeeds recently focused on flushable wet wipes and their role in sewage system blockages. It is stated that although products are marked as flushable, they do not disintegrate after being disposed of via the toilet. In this work it is shown that wetlaid hydroentangled wet wipes lose their initially good dispersive properties during their storage in wet condition. As a consequence, we are suggesting to add tests after defined times of wet storage when assessing the flushability of wet wipes. Loss of dispersibility is found for both, wet wipes from industrial production and wipes produced on pilot facilities. We found it quite surprising that the wet wipes’ dispersibility is deteriorating after storage in exactly the same liquid they are dispersed in, i.e. water. This is probably why the effect of wet storage has not been investigated earlier. It is demonstrated that the deteriorating dispersibility of these wipes is linked to the used type of short cellulosic fibres — only wipes containing unbleached softwood pulp as short fibre component were preserving good dispersibility during wet storage. Possible mechanisms that might be responsible are discussed, e.g. long term fiber swelling causing a tightening of the fiber network, or surface interdiffusion.

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Centrifugally spun starch/polyvinyl alcohol ultrafine fibrous membrane as environmentally‐friendly disposable nonwoven

Liu

et al. 2021

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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We developed a new environmentally-friendly disposable nonwoven based on centrifugally spun ST/PVA ultrafine fibrous membrane in this research. The effects of ST/PVA ratio as well as formic acid post-treatment on thermal properties, tensile strength, and disposability of fibrous membranes were studied.To observe the morphology and chemical structures changing of fibers during fabrication and post-treatment, the obtained fibers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The fibrous membranes with uniform fiber diameters and excellent disposability properties were formed. The ST/PVA ratio of fibers was optimized according to the disposability and tensile strength of the fibrous membranes. Disintegration of untreated and post-treatment fibrous membrane with ST/PVA ratio of 3/1 was over 80% and 40%, respectively, and the tensile strength was improved over two times comparing with pure starch fibrous membrane.

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Effects of short-cut fiber type and water-jet pressure sum on wet strength and dispersibility of wood pulp-based wetlaid/spunlace wipes

Cited by 14 publications

References 15 publications

WITHDRAWN: How Flushable Wet Wipes Are Causing Sewer Blockages – and An Approach to Prevent That

WITHDRAWN: How Flushable Wet Wipes Are Causing Sewer Blockages – and An Approach to Prevent That

Reduced dispersibility of flushable wet wipes after wet storage

Centrifugally spun starch/polyvinyl alcohol ultrafine fibrous membrane as environmentally‐friendly disposable nonwoven

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