Effects of short chain fatty acids on metabolic and inflammatory processes in human health

Campos-Pérez, Wendy; Martínez-López, Érika

doi:10.1016/j.bbalip.2021.158900

Cited by 61 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…The production of these SCFA, in turn, lowers colonic pH and inhibits the growth of pathogenic microorganisms [ 13 ]. SCFA can also modulate inflammation [ 57 ], which has an effect on the risk of pancreatic cancer [ 58 ]. Dietary fiber intake also seems to improve glycemic control and other key risk factors such as abdominal obesity, metabolic syndrome, and insulin sensitivity [ 59 ], all of which are associated with an increased risk of cancer [ 60 , 61 , 62 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Fiber Intake and Risk of Pancreatic Cancer: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

Nucci

Santangelo

Provenzano

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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The burden of pancreatic cancer varies greatly across countries, with the number of deaths, incident cases, and disability-adjusted life years more than doubling in recent years, and with high-income countries having the highest incidence and mortality rates. We conducted this systematic review with meta-analysis with the goal of summarizing the current evidence on dietary fiber intake and its role in reducing the risk of pancreatic cancer, given the importance of identifying risk factors. This systematic review followed the guidelines of the Cochrane Collaboration and the Meta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020. The structured literature search was conducted on PubMed/Medline and Scopus, combining free text words and medical subject headings. Our review contained 18 records at the end of the process. Our results show that dietary fiber intake reduces the risk of pancreatic cancer. When the analysis was differentiated according to the type of fiber considered, sub-grouped by gender (reduction of around 60% among women), and when case-control studies were conducted, the strength of the association increased. Clinicians and policymakers should improve interventions to raise the population’s awareness regarding the consumption of high-fiber diets, both in practice and in terms of public health policy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Fiber Intake and Risk of Pancreatic Cancer: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

Nucci

Santangelo

Provenzano

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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“…Our observations indicate that long-term overconsumption of sugar has a strong impact on intestinal microflora and their metabolites. SCFAs are known to play a key role in health maintenance by promoting both lipid, glucose, and immune homeostasis ( 51 ), so their decrease may also contribute to the observed pre-IBD state.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Overconsumption of Fat and Sugar Causes a Partially Reversible Pre-inflammatory Bowel Disease State

et al. 2021

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Nutrition appears to be an important environmental factor involved in the onset of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) through yet poorly understood biological mechanisms. Most studies focused on fat content in high caloric diets, while refined sugars represent up to 40% of caloric intake within industrialized countries and contribute to the growing epidemics of inflammatory diseases. Herein we aim to better understand the impact of a high-fat-high-sucrose diet on intestinal homeostasis in healthy conditions and the subsequent colitis risk. We investigated the early events and the potential reversibility of high caloric diet-induced damage in mice before experimental colitis. C57BL/6 mice were fed with a high-fat or high-fat high-sucrose or control diet before experimental colitis. In healthy mice, a high-fat high-sucrose diet induces a pre-IBD state characterized by gut microbiota dysbiosis with a total depletion of bacteria belonging to Barnesiella that is associated with subclinical endoscopic lesions. An overall down-regulation of the colonic transcriptome converged with broadly decreased immune cell populations in the mesenteric lymph nodes leading to the inability to respond to tissue injury. Such in-vivo effects on microbiome and transcriptome were partially restored when returning to normal chow. Long-term consumption of diet enriched in sucrose and fat predisposes mice to colitis. This enhanced risk is preceded by gut microbiota dysbiosis and transcriptional reprogramming of colonic genes related to IBD. Importantly, diet-induced transcriptome and microbiome disturbances are partially reversible after switching back to normal chow with persistent sequelae that may contribute to IBD predisposition in the general population.

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“…We found that the relative abundance of Bilophila, Desulfovibrio, and Bacteroides decreased in TNBS-L and TNBS-H compared to the TNBS group, while Oscillospira and Helicobacter increased in TNBS-M, and Prevotella increased in the TNBS-L and TNBS-H group. Prevotella and Oscillospira were SCFAproducing bacteria [30,31], and SCFA, important nutrients of colon mucosal, is capable of colon cell proliferation and mucosal growth [32]. Undigested dietary fiber, protein and peptides, can be fermented through gut microbiota in the cecum and colon, resulting in the generation of SCFA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of ShenLing BaiZhu San Supplementation on Gut Microbiota and Oxidative Stress in Rats with Ulcerative Colitis

Zhou

Yao

et al. 2021

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of gut microbiota and antioxidation of Shenling Baizhu San (SLBZS) as a supplement in a rat model of ulcerative colitis (UC) induced by 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS). Acute intestinal inflammation was induced in 40 male SD rats aged 4 weeks with 100 mg/kg TNBS, and then three dosages of SLBZS (0.5 g/kg, 1 g/kg, and 1.5 g/kg) were administered for eight days, respectively. Faecal microbiome composition was assessed by 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing. The result indicated that SLBZS could reduce the diversity of gut microbiota and increased its abundance. At the genus level, the relative abundance of SCFAs producing bacteria including Prevotella and Oscillospira increased, while the relative abundance of opportunistic pathogens including Desulfovibrio and Bilophila decreased. Meanwhile, SLBZS could improve the lesions of colon and significantly reduce the level of MPO, increase the levels of SOD and CAT in rats’ serum. These findings revealed that SLBZS was effective and possessed anticolitic activities in a rat model of UC by reducing macroscopical and microscopical colon injury, enhancing antioxidant capacity, and regulating gut microbiota.

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Effects of short chain fatty acids on metabolic and inflammatory processes in human health

Cited by 61 publications

References 80 publications

Dietary Fiber Intake and Risk of Pancreatic Cancer: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

Dietary Fiber Intake and Risk of Pancreatic Cancer: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

Long-Term Overconsumption of Fat and Sugar Causes a Partially Reversible Pre-inflammatory Bowel Disease State

Effects of ShenLing BaiZhu San Supplementation on Gut Microbiota and Oxidative Stress in Rats with Ulcerative Colitis

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