Effects of shoot tip colchicine applications on some grape cultivars

Abstract

Polyploidization can provide changes in vital features such as growth, development, environmental stress tolerance in plants. Colchicine is one of the most commonly used chemicals as a polyploidization agent. In this study, 2-year-old 'Ekşi Kara', 'Gök Üzüm' and 'Trakya İlkeren' (2x, Vitis vinifera L.) saplings grown on their own roots were used. When the enforced shoots reached about 15 cm length, colchicine applied (0, 2.5 g L -1 , 5 g L -1 , 7.5 g L -1 ) 24 and 48 hours to the lateral shoot tips. The effects of treatments were evaluated by shoot tip viability, stoma size and density, chloroplast counts, and flow cytometry (FC) analysis, and 'Kyoho' (4x) were used as the control. The maximum stomatal variations were determined in Ekşi Kara cultivar at 2.5 g L -1 24-h application. Based on morphological differences, FC analysis was performed only in 'Ekşi Kara' but there was no genomic duplication. Since the morphological differences were not sufficient in the diagnosis of polyploid in grape cultivars, FC analysis should be performed to achieve confirmed results.

Reactions of Some Grapevine Rootstock Cuttings to Mutagenic Applications

“…In surviving plants, stomatal density per unit area (number mm -2 ) (Kara et al, 2018c), stomatal sizes (μm) (Kara et al, 2018a), chloroplast numbers in stoma guard cells (number stoma -1 ) (Kara et al, 2018a;Yazar, 2021), leaf thickness, chlorophyll content (Kara et al, 2018b) and Flow Cytometry (FC) analyzes (Yazar, 2018) were done. According to the results of all analysed data, the effects of oryzalin and N2O treatments on chromosome folding in grapevine were evaluated.…”

Polyploidization and genomic selection integration for grapevine breeding: a perspective

“…Similarly, in another study by ( Kara and Doğan, 2022 ), the application of oryzalin and N 2 O to cuttings of 41B Chasselas and Fercal ( Vitis vinifera L.) rootstocks did not result in the production of any polyploid individuals through in vivo methods. Kara and Yazar (2021) also examined changes in stomata guard cells but found no differences at the ploidy level. More recently, Kara and Doğan (2023) utilized Oryzalin and N 2 O to treat a total of 1200 plants belonging to two grapevine cultivars, yielding only one tetraploid genotype for each cultivar.…”

“…While the successful induction of polyploids in grapevines has been documented in several studies, only a few have assessed the resulting population for desirable agronomical traits, where these assessments have primarily focused on stomatal and leaf characteristics ( Yang et al., 2006 ; Sinski et al., 2014 ; Xie et al., 2015 ; Kara et al., 2018 ; Kara et al., 2020 ; Catalano et al., 2021 ; Kara and Yazar, 2021 ; Kara and Doğan, 2022 ; Kara and Yazar, 2022 ). A study has also delved into epigenetic regulation through DNA methylation, shedding light on how changes in DNA methylation patterns can impact gene expression and phenotypic traits in polyploid grapevine ( Xiang et al., 2023 ).…”