2014
DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd007084.pub2
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Effects of sevoflurane versus other general anaesthesia on emergence agitation in children

Abstract: Propofol, halothane, alpha-2 agonists (dexmedetomidine, clonidine), opioids (e.g. fentanyl) and ketamine reduce the risk of EA compared with sevoflurane anaesthesia, whereas no clear evidence shows an effect for desflurane, isoflurane, midazolam premedication and parental presence at emergence. Therefore anaesthetists can consider several effective strategies to reduce the risk of EA in their clinical practice. Future studies should ensure adequate analgesia in the control group, for which pain may be a contri… Show more

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Cited by 141 publications
(156 citation statements)
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“…The halogenated anaesthetics sevoflurane, isoflurane and desflurane are thought to play an important role by altering the child's brain activity and upsetting the balance between central nervous system neuronal synaptic excitation and inhibition [5]. The incidence varies depending on the diagnostic criteria used, and although it is considered to occur with a relatively high frequency in children following sevoflurane anaesthesia, a recent review by Costi et al [6] found no difference in the incidence of emergence delirium following sevoflurane, desflurane or isoflurane. The only inhalational agent not associated with emergence delirium is halothane [7] and this is no longer available in the UK.…”
Section: Editorialmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The halogenated anaesthetics sevoflurane, isoflurane and desflurane are thought to play an important role by altering the child's brain activity and upsetting the balance between central nervous system neuronal synaptic excitation and inhibition [5]. The incidence varies depending on the diagnostic criteria used, and although it is considered to occur with a relatively high frequency in children following sevoflurane anaesthesia, a recent review by Costi et al [6] found no difference in the incidence of emergence delirium following sevoflurane, desflurane or isoflurane. The only inhalational agent not associated with emergence delirium is halothane [7] and this is no longer available in the UK.…”
Section: Editorialmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Insbesondere für Sevofluran, das häufig zur Narkoseeinleitung und auch zur Narkoseaufrechterhaltung verwendet wird, gibt es eine Vielzahl an Hinweisen in der Literatur [12]. So konnte gezeigt werden, dass die Narkosefüh-rung als TIVA das Risiko eines "emergence delir" gegenüber einer Sevoflurannarkose mehr als halbiert [9].…”
Section: Präventive Maßnahmenunclassified
“…In einer aktuellen Metaanalyse konnte gezeigt werden, dass die intraoperative Gabe von α 2 -Agonisten die Inzidenz der PA signifikant reduzieren kann, ohne die Aufwachzeit des Patienten klinisch relevant zu verlängern [29]. Dexmedetomidin scheint im Vergleich zu Clonidin bisher keine Rolle unter den befragten Kinderanästhesisten zu spielen, obwohl in der Literatur eine deutliche Reduktion in der PA-Inzidenz nach dessen Gabe nachgewiesen werden konnte [12,16]. Aus der Literatur ist zudem bekannt, dass ein Propofol-oder ein Ketaminbolus zum Ende der Operation die Inzidenz der PA nach Sevofluran-oder Desflurannarkosen senken kann [12,16].…”
Section: Präventive Maßnahmenunclassified
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