are not yet widespread in the ECI field. Families are still not full members of the team, when it comes to decision making regarding assessment, planning, and implementation (Almeida, 2009;Campbell & Halbert, 2002;Dunst, 2007;Pimentel, 2005).This consistent finding of incomplete adoption of effective practices might explain the lack of quality found in the goals and objectives on individualized education programs (IEPs) and individualized family service plans (IFSPs). Low quality is most noticeable in levels of specificity, functionality, and a focus on natural routines and environments (Bailey, Winton, Rouse, & Turnbull, 1990;Boavida, Aguiar, McWilliam, & Pimentel, 2010;Campelo & Nunes, 2008;Goodman & Bond, 1993;Grisham-Brown & Hemmeter, 1998;Jung & Baird, 2003;McWilliam et al., 1998;Pretti-Frontczak & Bricker, 2000; Sanches-Ferreira, Lopesdos-Santos, Alves, Santos, & Silveira-Maia, 2013;Yell & Stecker, 2003). The following examples illustrate goals and objectives of very low quality found in IEPs and IFSPs (Boavida, Aguiar, McWilliam, & Pimentel, 2010): (1) "enhance communication" , "fine motor development", "direct attention" or "follows a simple command" (vague and general);(2) "reproduce sequences of shapes and items", "buttoning and unbuttoning", "draw vertical lines", "jump on one leg", "stack 10 cubes" (lack of functionality).IEPs and IFSPs are considered essential mechanisms to guide early childhood special education (ECSE) and ECI, respectively, because they establish individualized goals and include methods for monitoring them. These goals and methods set up the conditions needed for children with disabilities to acquire important developmental skills (Wolery, 2000). Goals and objectives are, however, only as functional as the assessment that produces them In RBEI, to make the shift from child-focused assessment and intervention (Almeida, 2009;Campbell & Sawyer, 2007;Pimentel, 2005) to family centeredness, professionals are trained to interview families using the RBI. The RBI is a central feature of RBEI because it establishes both the relationship with the family and the focus of the intervention, giving the family a central, active, and decision-making role from the very beginning. The RBI is a semistructured interview, taking 2 hours, which includes specific procedures for eliciting rich and thick descriptions of child and family functioning in everyday routines. To conduct a successful RBI, interviewers must follow a protocol and use specific interviewing behaviors such as active listening, empathizing, asking in-depth follow-up questions, continuing the conversation, seeking evaluative and interpretative opinions, and managing time (McWilliam, 2010a(McWilliam, , 2010b. Professionals are trained in the RBI structure and specific interviewing behaviors with the RBI Implementation Checklist (McWilliam, 2010b). A well-conducted RBI allows interviewers to (a) learn much about everyday functioning of the child and his or her family members, (b) establish a positive relationship with the family, an...