Effects of sequential feeding of β-adrenergic agonists on cull cow performance, carcass characteristics, and mRNA relative abundance

Weber, Melissa Jean; Dikeman, Michael E.; Unruh, John A.; Jaeger, John R.; Murray, Leigh W.; Houser, T. A.; Johnson, B. J.

doi:10.2527/jas.2011-4285

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Similar β receptor populations were found in human muscle biopsies [40, 41]. The present findings also help explain greater muscle growth efficiency in food animals supplemented with dietary β2 agonist compared to β1 agonist [42–44]. …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Acute exposure of primary rat soleus muscle to zilpaterol HCl (β2 adrenergic agonist), TNFα, or IL-6 in culture increases glucose oxidation rates independent of the impact on insulin signaling or glucose uptake

et al. 2017

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Recent studies show that adrenergic agonists and inflammatory cytokines can stimulate skeletal muscle glucose uptake, but it is unclear if glucose oxidation is similarly increased. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine the effects of ractopamine HCl (β1 agonist), zilpaterol HCl (β2 agonist), TNFα, and IL-6 on glucose uptake and oxidation rates in unstimulated and insulin-stimulated soleus muscle strips from adult Sprague-Dawley rats. Effects on phosphorylation of Akt (phospho-Akt), p38 MAPK (phospho-p38), and p44/42 MAPK (phospho-p44/42) was also determined. Incubation with insulin increased (P < 0.05) glucose uptake by ~47%, glucose oxidation by ~32%, and phospho-Akt by ~238%. Insulin also increased (P < 0.05) phospho-p38, but only after 2 hours in incubation. Muscle incubated with β2 agonist alone exhibited ~20% less (P < 0.05) glucose uptake but ~32% greater (P < 0.05) glucose oxidation than unstimulated muscle. Moreover, co-incubation with insulin + β2 agonist increased (P < 0.05) glucose oxidation and phospho-Akt compared to insulin alone. Conversely, β1 agonist did not appear to affect basal or insulin-stimulated glucose metabolism, and neither β agonist affected phospho-p44/42. TNFα and IL-6 increased (P < 0.05) glucose oxidation by ~23% and ~33%, respectively, in the absence of insulin. This coincided with increased (P < 0.05) phospho-p38 and phospho-p44/42 but not phospho-Akt. Furthermore, co-incubation of muscle with insulin + either cytokine yielded glucose oxidation rates that were similar to insulin alone, despite lower (P < 0.05) phospho-Akt. Importantly, cytokine-mediated increases in glucose oxidation rates were not concomitant with greater glucose uptake. These results show that acute β2 adrenergic stimulation, but not β1 stimulation, directly increases fractional glucose oxidation in the absence of insulin and synergistically increases glucose oxidation when combined with insulin. The cytokines, TNFα and IL-6, likewise directly increased glucose oxidation in the absence of insulin, but were not additive in combination with insulin and in fact appeared to disrupt Akt-mediated insulin signaling. Rather, cytokines appear to be acting through MAPKs to elicit effects on glucose oxidation. Regardless, stimulation of glucose oxidation by these key stress factors did not rely upon greater glucose uptake, which may promote metabolic efficiency during acute stress by increasing fractional glucose oxidation without increasing total glucose consumption by muscle.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Acute exposure of primary rat soleus muscle to zilpaterol HCl (β2 adrenergic agonist), TNFα, or IL-6 in culture increases glucose oxidation rates independent of the impact on insulin signaling or glucose uptake

et al. 2017

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“…Kellermeier et al (2009) reported that total collagen decreased in ZH supplemented cattle and muscle fiber diameter increased in conjunction, likely yielding a dilution effect in collagen concentration. In our study, LM area did not increase significantly (93.6 cm 2 for ZH versus 83.6 cm 2 for C, P = 0.18; Weber et al, 2012), so muscle hypertrophy in ZH-supplemented cows likely was not sufficient to yield a difference in total collagen content; however, collagen solubility in ZH-treated cows (ZH and RH + ZH treatments) increased compared with C cows and increased (P b 0.05) in the RH + ZH treatment compared with RH cows. We postulate that this increase is due to a higher percentage of newly synthesized collagen.…”

Section: Non-enhanced Longissimus Warner Bratzler Shear Force and Sencontrasting

confidence: 63%

“…Steaks used for WBSF measurements were not frozen, but sensory steaks were frozen at − 40°C until sensory panels could be conducted. The 9-10-11th rib section was used for carcass composition prediction (Weber et al, 2012).…”

Section: Enhancementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of feeding a single or sequence of beta-adrenergic agonists on cull cow meat quality

et al. 2013

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“…To date, much of the research conducted on mature cow meat quality has focused on improving carcass traits, lean colour, and palatability of mature cows through increasing the nutritional plane before slaughter (Brown and Johnson 1991;Boleman et al 1996;Cranwell et al 1996;Schnell et al 1997;Rider-Sell et al 2004;Stelzleni et al 2007;Weber et al 2012). However, research has been conducted to profile quality attributes among the United States maturity grades C/D and E (Jones et al 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Muscle profiling of retail characteristics within the Canadian cull cow grades

et al. 2017

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Composition, drip loss, objective colour, and measures of colour stability during 3 d of retail display were benchmarked for 11 muscles obtained from youthful beef and cow carcasses (n = 120). Traits were compared between the muscles from cow carcasses, graded using the Canadian grading system (D1, D2, D3, and D4; >50% ossification), and muscles from A/AA youthful carcasses [identified as under 30 mo (UTM) of age based on dentition and <50% ossification or over 30 mo (OTM) of age based on dentition, but <50% ossification]. Muscles from D3-graded carcasses had a lower intramuscular fat content, aside from these carcasses, all other cow carcass grades had muscles with either equivalent or higher fat content. Most muscles from cow carcasses had consistently darker meat (lower L*; P < 0.05), yet the colour stability measures were similar between most muscles from cowgraded carcasses and UTM over 3 d of retail display. Notably, the infraspinatus (flat iron) from cow carcasses did not differ in colour from UTM beef. In general, OTM carcasses had similar colour and composition attributes to the UTM beef. Given the retail performance of muscles from cow carcasses, opportunities may exist to better utilize specific muscles from these carcasses.

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Effects of sequential feeding of β-adrenergic agonists on cull cow performance, carcass characteristics, and mRNA relative abundance

Cited by 7 publications

References 29 publications

Acute exposure of primary rat soleus muscle to zilpaterol HCl (β2 adrenergic agonist), TNFα, or IL-6 in culture increases glucose oxidation rates independent of the impact on insulin signaling or glucose uptake

Acute exposure of primary rat soleus muscle to zilpaterol HCl (β2 adrenergic agonist), TNFα, or IL-6 in culture increases glucose oxidation rates independent of the impact on insulin signaling or glucose uptake

Effects of feeding a single or sequence of beta-adrenergic agonists on cull cow meat quality

Muscle profiling of retail characteristics within the Canadian cull cow grades

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