Effects of self-efficacy and outcome expectation on observational learning of altruistic behavior.

Sugiyama, Kenji; Matsui, Hiroshi; Satoh, Chizuko; Yoshimi, Yoshihiro; Takeuchi, Mika

doi:10.4992/jjpsy.63.295

Cited by 4 publications

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“…It is evident from literatures that higher levels of selfefficacy were associated with higher levels of student achievement in various aspects. 4,5 But this was not the scenario of our study as it declined to accept that there was any association between self-efficacy and academic performance. As we included theory as well as practical examination but it could be comparable with a study done by Mavis which highlighted that self-efficacy was not significantly correlated to objective performance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

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Assessment of self-efficacy and academic performance of medical students

Saxena

Sharma

2020

Int J Community Med Public Health

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Background: In present scenario academic self-efficacy is an important key factor to assess academic progress among students, so that their outcome in exams can be enhanced. The aim of this study was to assess academic self-efficacy among medical students according to present curriculum.Methods: This was a cross sectional study conducted among 120 students of Shyam Shah Medical College, Rewa (MP). Samples were selected from exam going students of third professional examination, either current batch or detained batch. A self-administrated, structured questionnaire was developed to collect data from the undergraduates. Assessment according to objective questions from their current syllabus was done to assess academic self-efficacy, the study adapted the questions framed by faculty members of third professional students. 200 questions from all the subjects of third year were included. Data were collected and data analysis was done by applying proper statistical tests.Results: The mean academic self-efficacy in boys was 76.03. Maximum marks obtained were 178/200 among boys and 189/200 among girls. The mean scores of all students were not significantly associated with mean scores from their academic session in college.Conclusions: The findings of this study indicate that more aged students have less academic self-efficacy as compared to their younger batch mates. Females and males were equally sincere in terms of their academic efficacy. Study pattern of medical students is curriculum based.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…4 Self-efficacy is stronger tool for assessment of academic achievement. 5 Nonetheless, it is important to understand why some students excel academically and others even cannot pass simple examination. It is established that motivational beliefs and learning strategies do affect their academic performance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of self-efficacy and academic performance of medical students

Saxena

Sharma

2020

Int J Community Med Public Health

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“…Class tests correspond to a student's commitment to studies 13 and a performance in these tests especially send up would further encourage their confidence to do better in annual exams 14 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Send-Up Exam Performance

Yaqoob

Bhatti

Javed

2015

TPMJ

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One of the criteria for admission in Annual Professional Exam for medical studentsin Pakistan is to have 75% attendance during the session and the other is to pass Send upexam with 50% marks. Objectives: To assess the usefulness of send-up exams in predictingthe annual marks by comparing their results with annual University examination results forpreclinical medical students. Study Design: A cross sectional analytical study. Methodology: Atotal of 173 preclinical students of 1st and 2nd year MBBS passing the First Professional Examin first attempt were included in the study. Send up result of each student during the year wasentered as percentage and compared with percentage total marks of same students in their 1stprofessional exam conducted by the University. Data maintained by Physiology Departmentwas entered and analysed by SPSS 21. Descriptive statistics in the form of numbers andpercentages were used and further analyzed using Pearson Correlation and Paired T Test ofSignificance. The p value of < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: A total of 173 students(81 from 1st Year and 92 from 2nd Year) who had passed the annual exam in first attempt wereincluded in the study. Out of these, 132(76.3%) were females and 41(23.7%) males. All studentswere within the age group of 18-24 years, mean age being 21.06 years. Mean send-up scorein the subject of Physiology was 57.37 (Range=33-78). Percentage total marks in all subjects(Anatomy, Physiology, Biochemistry) in annual exam had a mean of 69.46 (Range=55-84).Send-up result in percentage was directly assessed against the percentage marks obtainedin annual exam for each student. The send-up marks were significantly related to the marks inthe final exam (p=0.01). The strength of association was same as that for average test markswith annual marks. Girls performed better than boys during the send up (Mean 58.35 Vs 54.21)as well as in the annual exam (Mean 70.12 Vs 67.33). There was also a difference amongstdifferent classes with 2nd year performing better than first year in both send-up (Mean 58.60vs 55.98) and annual exams (Median 70.83 vs 67.91). Conclusions: Send-up results may begood predictors of the academic performance in professional examination in preclinical years ina medical college. Female students perform better than their counterparts during both send-upand annual exams.

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“…Sugiyama, Matsui, Satoh, Yoshimi & Takeuchi (1992)examined the hypothesis that the effects of observational learning of altruistic behavior are related to personal viewpoint,self-efficacy,outcome expectation, and other factors among 4th graders.It was found that:1)altruistic behavior and outcome expectation conditions had significant learning effects,2) self-efficacy was able to predict altruistic response in the altruistic behavior viewpoint condition,and3)from an outcome expectation viewpoint, altruistic behavior toward peers and adults related to punishment expectation,whereas social sharing was related to reward expectation.…”

Section: A Brief Look At the Annual Convention1993mentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Trends of Educational Psychology in Japan

Arai

Fujiu

1994

The Annual Report of Educational Psychology in Japan

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The purpose of this article is to review studies published mainly in1992and1993and to examine the direction and status of educational psychology in Japan. At first, the35th Annual Convention of the Japanese Association of Educational Psychology (JAEP)was outlined.Next,researches were reviewed on the following eight categories, that is,1)life-span development,2)health psychology,3)study of"self",4)everyday cognition in a socio-cultural context,5)development of social competence,6)school psychology,7)development of fundamental cognition,and8)handicapped children (people).As Yamamoto, Mimani & Yoshida(1993)pointed out in their review for this journal, from this research review,educational psychologists in Japan are found to face and wrestle with such socially new issues as rapid transition into aging society, concerns of people of all ages for health, wants for humanistic development after mid-life including self-actualization,and needs for school reforms and restructuring of school curricula.

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Effects of self-efficacy and outcome expectation on observational learning of altruistic behavior.

Cited by 4 publications

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Assessment of self-efficacy and academic performance of medical students

Assessment of self-efficacy and academic performance of medical students

Send-Up Exam Performance

Recent Trends of Educational Psychology in Japan

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