Effects of selenium pretreatment on cisplatin-induced chromosome aberrations in Wistar rats

Abstract

Selenium is an essential trace element and a potent anticancer agent. Extensive laboratory studies demonstrate that selenium is an effective chemopreventive agent in various sites in animals. The administration of selenium as a chemopreventive agent raises the question whether the antioxidant selenium, alone or in combination with other dietary antioxidants, could protect non-tumor cells from the clastogenic effect of cisplatin. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to investigate the modulatory effects of selenium, combined or not with vitamin C, on cisplatin-induced chromosomal aberrations in Wistar rat bone marrow cells. The animals were sacrificed 18, 24, or 72 h after cisplatin injection. The results obtained in Wistar rat bone marrow cells showed a slight nonsignificant reduction in the total number of chromosomal aberrations induced by cisplatin (5 mg/kg b.w.) observed in the animals that received a pretreatment with a single dose of selenium (2 mg/kg b.w.). The administration of two doses of selenium (1 mg/kg b.w.) also did not inhibit the chromosomal damage induced by cisplatin. In the present study, no protective response was obtained with either a single or double dose of selenium in rats treated with cisplatin. Furthermore, the combination between selenium+vitamin C was no more effective than vitamin C alone in the protection against damage caused by this antitumor drug. Further investigations, with other forms of selenium, are necessary to elucidate a possible protective role of selenium in clastogenicity induced by free radicals generated by antitumor drugs.

Evaluation of The Mutagenicity and Oxidative Stress of Fipronil After Subchronic Exposure in Male Albino Rats

“…The significant increase in micronucleus is the limiting factor of mutation incidence. Consequently, the micronucleus test quantifies cytogenetic damage that is already fixed in the cell genome that cannot be repaired (Antunes et al, 2000). Excessive production of free radicals increases the chance of DNA damage, especially during DNA duplication and cell division.…”

Grape Seed Proanthocyanidins Extract Prevents Cisplatin-induced Cardiotoxicity in Rats

“…Cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity is closely associated with an increase in lipid peroxidation in kidney tissues (Antunes et al 2000). The drug is able to induce active oxygen species, such as superoxide anion and hydroxyl radical (Wozniak et al 2004).…”

Se-methylselenocysteine offers selective protection against toxicity and potentiates the antitumour activity of anticancer drugs in preclinical animal models

“…Thus, MSC protects the function and histological feature of the kidney from CDDP-induced damage. There have been several reports of the ability of selenium to protect against CDDP-induced nephrotoxicity (Baldew et al , 1989; Satoh et al , 1989; Hu et al , 1997; Antunes et al , 2000, 2001; Camargo et al , 2001). However, sodium selenite only partially protected rats from CDDP-induced proximal tubular injury, and did not prevent deterioration of renal function (Camargo et al , 2001).…”

“…The antioxidant compounds such as curcumin and selenium have been known to have a protective effect against kidney toxicity induced by CDDP (Baldew et al , 1989; Satoh et al , 1989; Hu et al , 1997; Antunes et al , 2000, 2001; Chen et al , 2004). Amifostine was approved by the US Food and Drug administration for reducing the cumulative renal toxicity associated with repeated CDDP treatment.…”