Effects of seaweeds extract on growth, survival, antibacterial activities, and immune responses of Penaeus monodon against Vibrio parahaemolyticus

Abstract

Seaweeds can play an essential role in controlling antibiotic resistance for bacterial diseases. Three extracts of two brown seaweeds Padina tetrastromatica and Sargassum ilicifolium were investigated as growth promoters and to provide immune protection against Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Extracts of the two seaweeds were administered at 2.5 and 5 g kg À1 with food for 45 days to Penaeus monodon juveniles. The maximum weight gain (6.28 and 7.08 g), specific growth rate (3.39 and 3.32%), and survival rate (78.45 and 82.45%) of the juvenile tiger shrimp were obtained at a dose of 5 g kg À1 with P. tetrastromatica extracted by methanol and ethanol, respectively; which was significantly higher than the other solvents and control group (p < .01). On the other hand, methanol extract of both seaweeds had maximal antibacterial activity against V. parahaemolyticus with zones of inhibition ranging between 20.25 ± 1.00 and 22.00 ± 0.50 mm. The minimal time required for haemolymph clotting was with methanol extracted of P. tetrastromatica at 5 g kg À1 , which was significantly lower than the other groups (p < .05). After challenging with V. parahaemolyticus, the total haemocyte count (THC) in P. monodon treated with methanol-extract of P. tetrastromatica diet at 5 g kg À1 was higher (5.42 Â 10 5 cells mL À1 ) but not significantly different than the other diets (p > .05). However, the administration of 5 g kg À1 methanol and ethanol extract of P. tetrastromatica improved growth performance and the immune capacity of P. monodon by increasing their phenoloxidase activity, superoxide anion concentration, and resistance against V. parahaemolyticus. HIGHLIGHTSThe maximum growth performance and survival of juvenile tiger shrimps obtained with Padina tetrastromatica extract at a dose of 5 g kg À1 . The methanol extract of P. tetrastromatica and Sargassum ilicifolium had maximal antibacterial activity against V. parahaemolyticus. The administration of 5 g kg À1 methanol and ethanol extract of P. tetrastromatica improved growth performance and the immune capacity of P. monodon.

Effect of Solanum procumbens Lour. Extract on Survival, Growth Performances, Immune Responses and against Vibrio parahaemolyticus causing Acute Hepatopancreas Necrosis Disease in White Leg Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)

“…Recent study by Xie et al (2021) also indicated that white leg shrimp fed diets supplemented Tian-Dong-Tang-Gan powder increased the activities of PO, acid phosphatase, superoxide dismutase and alkaline phosphatase in the shrimp hemolymph during the 28-day feeding trials. As reported by AftabUddin et al (2021), the administration of Padina tetrastromatica extract improved Effect of Solanum procumbens Lour. Extract on Survival, Growth Performances, Immune Responses and against Vibrio parahaemolyticus..... the immune capacity of P. monodon such as increasing THC, PO activity and superoxide anion concentration.…”

Algal Carotenoids: Chemistry, Sources, and Application

“…Traditionally, carotenoids have been used extensively as colorants in foods; however, with the development of natural sources for the extraction of carotenoids and their extensive assimilability to synthetic forms, they found further applications in the feed industry [138]. The application of algal pigment extracts rich in carotenoids has shown the ability to enhance immunity to Vibrio infections and promote weight gain in shrimp production [140]. Another study by Abdel-Rahim et al [141] concluded that dietary supplementation of algae apart from the findings of Aftab Uddin et al [140] had imparted cold tolerance.…”

Macroalgae Improve the Growth and Physiological Health of White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)

“…The proPO system is controlled and regulated by proteins capable of binding to proteinases, proteinase inhibitors, and microbial compounds, including proPO and prophenoloxidaseactivating enzyme (PPA) [26,62]. Studies have shown that dietary brown algae (Padina tetrastromatica and Sargassum ilicifolium) significantly increased the PO activity of P. monodon [63]. Wongprasert et al reported that sulfated galactan extracted from red macroalgae (Gracilaria fisheri) significantly increased the phenoloxidase activity of shrimps by interacting with β-1, 3-glucan binding protein on the membrane of hemocytes [64].…”