Effects of Schistosoma mansoni and praziquantel treatment on the lower gastrointestinal mucosa: A cohort study in Tanzania

Pham, Khanh; Mtalitinya, Gideon S.; Aristide, Christine; Airewele, Efeose A.; Nyakaru, Deborah K.; McMahon, Paige; Mulaki, Gerald Mulaki; Corstjens, Paul L. A. M.; Dood, Claudia J. de; Dam, Govert J. van; Changalucha, John; Mazigo, Humphrey D.; Lee, Myung Hee; Jaka, Hyasinta; Downs, Jennifer A.

doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2022.106752

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 50 publications

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“…UCP strip readers: The SCAA20 assay has been implemented at the NIMR laboratory in Mwanza and used in multiple studies as a means to identify infection [22][23][24][25]. LF strips are analyzed using a benchtop UPCON reader suited for UCP (Labrox Oy, Turku, Finland) with the ability to read up to 20 LF strips at a time.…”

Section: Caa Quantification and Lf Strip Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Flow-S: A Field-Deployable Device with Minimal Hands-On Effort to Concentrate and Quantify Schistosoma Circulating Anodic Antigen (CAA) from Large Urine Volumes

de Jong,

Carrell,

Maganga

et al. 2024

Diagnostics

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A laboratory-based lateral flow (LF) test that utilizes up-converting reporter particles (UCP) for ultrasensitive quantification of Schistosoma circulating anodic antigen (CAA) in urine is a well-accepted test to identify active infection. However, this UCP-LF CAA test requires sample pre-treatment steps not compatible with field applications. Flow, a new low-cost disposable, allows integration of large-volume pre-concentration of urine analytes and LF detection into a single field-deployable device. We assessed a prototype Flow-Schistosoma (Flow-S) device with an integrated UCP-LF CAA test strip, omitting all laboratory-based steps, to enable diagnosis of active Schistosoma infection in the field using urine. Flow-S is designed for large-volume (5–20 mL) urine, applying passive paper-based filtration and antibody-based CAA concentration. Samples tested for schistosome infection were collected from women of reproductive age living in a Tanzania region where S. haematobium infection is endemic. Fifteen negative and fifteen positive urine samples, selected based on CAA levels quantified in paired serum, were analyzed with the prototype Flow-S. The current Flow-S prototype, with an analytical lower detection limit of 1 pg CAA/mL, produced results correlated with the laboratory-based UCP-LF CAA test. Urine precipitates occurred in frozen banked samples and affected accurate quantification; however, this should not occur in fresh urine. Based on the findings of this study, Flow-S appears suitable to replace the urine pre-treatment required for the laboratory-based UCP-LF CAA test, thus allowing true field-based applications with fresh urine samples. The urine precipitates observed with frozen samples, though less important given the goal of testing fresh urines, warrant additional investigation to evaluate methods for mitigation. Flow-S devices permit testing of pooled urine samples with applications for population stratified testing. A field test with fresh urine samples, a further optimized Flow-S device, and larger statistical power has been scheduled.

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Section: Caa Quantification and Lf Strip Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Flow-S: A Field-Deployable Device with Minimal Hands-On Effort to Concentrate and Quantify Schistosoma Circulating Anodic Antigen (CAA) from Large Urine Volumes

de Jong,

Carrell,

Maganga

et al. 2024

Diagnostics

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Schistosomal colitis mimicking inflammatory bowel disease: a case report from Sudan

Alajab,

Rafei,

Abdo

2024

Annals of Medicine &Amp; Surgery

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Introduction: Schistosomiasis, caused by parasitic Schistosoma species, is a common neglected tropical disease prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa, including Sudan. While urinary tract infections are more frequent, intestinal schistosomiasis is rare. The disease presents with nonspecific symptoms often leading to misdiagnosis as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Case presentation: A 23-year-old male farmer from Gezira, Sudan, presenting with intermittent bloody diarrhea and mild left lower abdominal pain for six months. Despite multiple diagnoses and treatments for dysentery and IBD, his symptoms persisted. Colonoscopy revealed edematous mucosa with scattered whitish spots in the rectum, sigmoid, descending, and transverse colon, with normal findings in the ascending colon and cecum. Biopsies confirmed eosinophilic colitis with schistosomal egg shells. The patient was treated with praziquantel, leading to the resolution of symptoms within two weeks. Clinical discussion: Schistosomiasis, caused by Schistosoma mansoni, commonly manifests with myalgia, fever, and rash, alongside abdominal symptoms. Diarrhea, abdominal pain, constipation, and weight loss are common. Stool examination and serological tests aid in diagnosis, but colonoscopy can reveal characteristic findings, such as edematous mucosa and schistosomal nodules. Early diagnosis and treatment with praziquantel are essential to prevent complications and improve patient outcomes. Conclusion: This case emphasizes the importance of considering schistosomiasis in endemic areas when evaluating patients with colitis symptoms. Healthcare providers should maintain a high index of suspicion for this condition, especially in patients with nonspecific gastrointestinal symptoms and a history of travel to endemic areas. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent complications and improve outcomes.

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Effects of Schistosoma mansoni and praziquantel treatment on the lower gastrointestinal mucosa: A cohort study in Tanzania

Cited by 2 publications

References 50 publications

Flow-S: A Field-Deployable Device with Minimal Hands-On Effort to Concentrate and Quantify Schistosoma Circulating Anodic Antigen (CAA) from Large Urine Volumes

Flow-S: A Field-Deployable Device with Minimal Hands-On Effort to Concentrate and Quantify Schistosoma Circulating Anodic Antigen (CAA) from Large Urine Volumes

Schistosomal colitis mimicking inflammatory bowel disease: a case report from Sudan

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