Effects of Sb2O3 polymorphism on the performances for electrocatalytic H2O2 production via the two-electron water oxidation reaction

New and Revised Aspects of the Electrochemical Synthesis of Hydrogen Peroxide: From Model Electrocatalytic Systems to Scalable Materials

“…Data rearranged with permission from ref (Copyright 2021, American Chemical Society). Panels c, d, and g were made collecting data from calculation and experiment and reproduced with permission from refs (Copyright 2017, Nature Springer), (Copyright 2019, American Chemical Society), (Copyright 2017, American Chemical Society), (Copyright 2022, Elsevier B.V.), (Copyright 2019, American Chemical Society), and (Copyright 2013, American Chemical Society).…”

Regulation of Maleic Anhydride Selectivity for n-Butane Oxidation by Sb2O3-Modified Vanadium Phosphorus Oxide Catalysts

“…Besides, although the addition of dopants in the form of oxides could improve the conversion of n -butane, it did not evidently affect the MA selectivity. − Recently, the interaction between the main active phase of the VPO catalyst and antimony oxides was confirmed to be favorable for the selectivity oxidation of n -butane . Especially for the Sb 2 O 3 , the cubic and orthorhombic Sb 2 O 3 consist of abundant crystal planes, endowing the diverse arrangements of surface atom structures in the polymorphs . The feature makes Sb 2 O 3 a promising structural directing agent.…”

Hydrogen Peroxide Synthesis via Electrocatalytic Water Oxidation on sp3 and sp2 Carbon Materials Mediated by Carbonates and Bicarbonates

“…Metal oxides and carbon materials are the main anode materials for producing H 2 O 2 via the 2e – WOR. Generally, a suitable anode material for the 2e – WOR should have some prerequisite properties, including good stability under the high oxidation potential in aqueous solution, excellent electrical conductivity, and sluggish kinetics for oxygen evolution reaction. , A variety of metal oxides have been developed for H 2 O 2 generation via the 2e – WOR owing to their excellent stability under the oxidation conditions, for instance, TiO 2 , , SnO 2 , , Sb 2 O 3 , , ZnO, BiVO 4 , ,, CaSnO 3 , CuWO 4 , and LaAlO 3 . However, due to the poor conductivity of oxides, the reaction current density is relatively low, which leads to an unsatisfactory production rate of H 2 O 2 . , Carbon materials generally possess relatively high electrical conductivity and exhibit acceptable activity, selectivity, and stability for electrochemical H 2 O 2 synthesis though the 2e – WOR. ,− Mavrikis and coworkers systematically investigated the electrocatalytic production of H 2 O 2 by boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrodes in bicarbonate- or carbonate-based aqueous electrolytes. − In fact, BDD has been used as the anode to electrooxidize sulfuric acid to produce peroxodisulfuric acid which further hydrolyzes to produce H 2 O 2 .…”

“…In addition to the intrinsic properties of catalysts, the composition of the electrolyte also plays a key role in the selectivity of H 2 O 2 generation. , Most electrocatalysts demonstrate a higher Faraday efficiency (FE) and production rate of H 2 O 2 in carbonate- and bicarbonate-based electrolytes than those in other solutions. − ,− It is generally accepted that these two anions act as catalytic mediums in the formation of H 2 O 2 through the 2e – WOR and that carbonates and bicarbonates are first oxidized to percarbonate species (HCO 4 – and C 2 O 6 2– ) and then hydrolyzed to H 2 O 2 . ,,, Zheng’s group confirmed the role of bicarbonate ions as a medium in electrocatalytic H 2 O 2 synthesis for bismuth vanadate by using a rotating ring disk and spectroscopic experiments . Mavrikis et al found that the electrolyte dominated by carbonate ions is more conducive to the electrochemical generation of H 2 O 2 than the solution dominated by bicarbonate ions for BDD electrodes .…”

“…Generally, a suitable anode material for the 2e − WOR should have some prerequisite properties, including good stability under the high oxidation potential in aqueous solution, excellent electrical conductivity, and sluggish kinetics for oxygen evolution reaction. 12,13 A variety of metal oxides have been developed for H 2 O 2 generation via the 2e − WOR owing to their excellent stability under the oxidation conditions, for instance, TiO 2 , 14,15 SnO 2 , 14,16 Sb 2 O 3 , 17,18 ZnO, 19 BiVO 4 , 14,20,21 CaSnO 3 , 22 CuWO 4 , 23 and LaAlO 3 . 13 However, due to the poor conductivity of oxides, the reaction current density is relatively low, which leads to an unsatisfactory production rate of H 2 O 2 .…”