Effects of sandblasting media and steam cleaning on bond strength of titanium-porcelain

Abstract

The effects of sandblasting media and steam cleaning treatment after sandblast were examined on tensile bond strength of porcelain to titanium. The use of the commercially available silica-coated alumina particles for sandblast was significantly effective for increasing bond strength than the conventional alumina. It might be due to the increased surface roughness and existence of remaining silica on titanium surface. Additional application of the steam cleaning on titanium surface after sandblasting could make the surface configuration clear in SEM by removing some sandblasted particles loosely embedded in titanium as well as the debris and oily contaminants. The resultant bond strength was significantly improved to reach almost the maximum strength of this porcelain-titanium system regardless of the kind of sandblasting media used, which was confirmed by the observation of the failure mode showing that most of the fracture surface was occupied by cohesive failure in porcelain.

Effect of sandblasting conditions on alumina retention in representative dental alloys

“…Figure 2 demonstrates that alumina fragments embedded on the alloy surface resist steam jet cleaning, suggesting that the fragments are very firmly retained. A similar conclusion was reached from previous findings that Al content did not decrease significantly after hot steam cleaning 11) . It is noteworthy that the Al composition of the materials differed significantly depending on the sandblasting conditions.…”

“…In implant technology, sandblasting with alumina grains is also used for surface roughening in combination with acid-etching to enhance osseointegration 16) , but concerns have been raised regarding the impact of alumina fragments embedded in these surfaces on their eventual osseointegration 17) . Although several previous studies have been performed to estimate the extent of alumina fragment retention 2,8,11,12,14,[16][17][18][19] , their conclusions were not definitive in terms of the effect of alumina grit size and application pressure on the prevalence of embedded fragments. Moreover, disparity in the way the Al content was presented precluded any meaningful comparison among these studies ( Table 1).…”

“…The presence of such embedded fragments adversely affects the bond strength of metal-ceramic 8,11) and metal-resin 12) systems, decreasing the mechanical interlocking and inhibiting the chemical bonding of porcelain with metallic oxides [13][14][15] . In implant technology, sandblasting with alumina grains is also used for surface roughening in combination with acid-etching to enhance osseointegration 16) , but concerns have been raised regarding the impact of alumina fragments embedded in these surfaces on their eventual osseointegration 17) .…”

Surface characterization and bond strengths between Ti-20Cr-1X alloys and low-fusing porcelain

“…Ti 5) . Many studies have paid close attention to evaluating the titanium-porcelain bond since a strong adherence is the main requirement for clinical success 3,[6][7][8][9][10] . At present, many efforts are focused on the development of new titanium alloys that can both improve aesthetics achieved by porcelain veneering, and increase metal-ceramic bond strength 11,12) .…”

Improvement in Ti-porcelain bonding by SiO2 modification of titanium surface through cast method

“…Oxidation of Ti leads to a thick, loosened oxide layer [4][5][6] . Various surface treatments have been used to avoid the oxidation and to improve Ti-porcelain bonding strength, such as sandblasting 7,8) , chemical agent bath 9,10) , and the application of intermediate coating [11][12][13][14][15] . Sandblasting is ordinarily used for preparing metal substrates with surface irregularities.…”