Effects of RSR13 and oxygen on the cytotoxicity of cisplatin and carboplatin to EMT6 mouse mammary tumor cells in vitro and in vivo

Aplidin as a potential adjunct to radiation therapy: In vitro studies

“…This observation is in good agreement with the past studies performed during the optimisation of our cell culture assays for this cell line and with the extensive data from our past radiobiology studies with EMT6 cells (Rockwell and Schulz 1984, Rockwell 1977, 1992, 1997, 2009, Rockwell et al and Grindey 1992, Donnelly et al 2004). In marked contrast, Aplidin-pretreated, radiation-sterilised cells markedly inhibited the ability of the untreated EMT6 cells to form colonies.…”

“…Exponentially-growing EMT6 cell cultures in sealed glass flasks were made acutely hypoxic for 1 h at 37°C, by gassing with a humidified mixture of 95% N 2 , 5% CO 2 containing, < 1 ppm O 2 , as described previously (Rockwell et al 1992, 2009, Donnelly et al 2004). Aplidin was added to the medium without compromising the hypoxia.…”

Efficacy of hyperbaric oxygen therapy combined with mild hyperthermia for improving the anti-tumour effects of carboplatin

“…bleomycin, procarbazine, streptonigrin, actinomycin D, vincristine) show a positive relationship between oxygen tension and efficacy in cell culture, whereas mitomycin C and adriamycin exhibit higher efficacy under conditions of hypoxia [24]. Some studies have suggested that the cytotoxic effects of carboplatin are altered by hypoxia [25,26]. For example, Koch et al reported that carboplatin was less effective in germ cell tumour lines under hypoxic conditions [26].…”

Targeted concurrent chemoradiotherapy, by using improved microcapsules that release carboplatin in response to radiation, improves detectability by computed tomography as well as antitumor activity while reducing adverse effect in vivo

“…4TI breast cancer cells (ATCC, Manassas, VA), which were radiation and paraplatin sensitive [19,20], and EMT-6 tumors (ATCC, Manassas, VA), which were radiation and paraplatin resistant [21,22], were used in this study. 4TI cells were maintained in RPMI 1640 medium (Gibco N.Y. USA) containing 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS).…”

“…Carboplatin is an analogue of paraplatin [19][20][21][22]. In this study, microcapsules that release carboplatin in response to radiation were prepared using alginate polymerized with Fe 2+ and hyaluronic acid.…”