Effects of Roundup formulations on biochemical biomarkers and male sperm quality of the livebearing Jenynsia multidentata

Abstract

Roundup formulations are the most consumed glyphosate-based herbicides in the world. When applied, they may reach water bodies and exert toxicity toward non-target species. This study evaluated and compared the effects of different variations of Roundup on biochemical biomarkers as oxidative parameters and Acethylchorinesterase (AChE) activity, and sperm quality of the livebearing Jenynsia multidentata. Fish were acutely (96 h) exposed to Roundup Original (RO), Roundup Transorb (RT) and Roundup WG (RWG) at 0.0, 0.5, 1 and 5 mg L of nominal glyphosate. The highest mortality (60%) was observed for fish exposed to RT at the highest concentration tested and at 0.5 mg L non-mortality was observed, so this concentration was chosen for the experiments. Fish exposed to RO and RT (24 and 96 h) presented a state of oxidative imbalance, which caused lipid peroxidation (LPO) in their livers. Oxidative stress was more severe in RO treatment, which may be resulted in the highest hepathosomatic index at 96 h. However, fish exposed to RT presented a marked inhibition of AChE activity from membrane cells of muscle and brain tissues. Sperm quality was investigated in livebearing exposed (24 and 96 h) to the three formulations. Spermatozoa motility and concentration were affected by all formulations. Overall, Roundup formulations are harmful to the fish J. multidentata at 0.5 mg L of glyphosate; however, mechanisms and potential of toxicity are different between formulations. The J. multidentata also represents a sensitive species and a good regional bio-monitor.

The Effect of Glyphosate on Human Sperm: In Vitro Approximation

“…24 Finally, when evaluating the effect of glyphosate exposure in other fish (Jenynsia multidentata), an oxidative imbalance was reported due to the increase in oxygen free radicals and a decrease in motility and sperm concentration. 23 The strengths of our study are that all semen analysesconventional and functional-were performed in the same laboratory, using the same glyphosate dilution and methodology. The limitations of our study include small sample size.…”

The In Vitro Impact of the Herbicide Roundup on Human Sperm Motility and Sperm Mitochondria

“…Because of the crucial role of mitochondria in steroid hormone biosynthesis, energy production, reactive oxygen species generation, and integration of steroid receptors functions [ 38 ], any dysregulation of their function could affect sperm motility and cellular fate, as regards survival or induction of apoptosis [ 39 ]. Moreover, there are several studies indicating that glyphosate induces oxidative stress and damages unsaturated fatty acids [ 9 , 40 , 41 , 42 ].…”

“…Moreover, studies on zebrafish demonstrated the harmful effect of glyphosate on sperm motility, mitochondrial functionality, and sperm DNA integrity [ 7 ]. In a previous study it was demonstrated that glyphosate at a concentration of 5 mg/kg exerted deleterious effects on sperm quality in Wistar rats [ 8 ], while recently it was reported that sperm parameters such as motility and concentration represented the most sensitive parameters affected by glyphosate in live-bearing Jenynsia multidentata [ 9 ].…”

The Effect of Glyphosate on Human Sperm Motility and Sperm DNA Fragmentation

“…Moreover, the harmful effect of glyphosate on sperm motility, mitochondrial functionality and sperm DNA integrity has been demonstrated in zebrafish [ 5 ]. Glyphosate at a dose of 5 mg/kg exerts deleterious effects on the sperm quality of Wistar rats [ 6 ], while recently it was reported that sperm parameters such as motility and concentration represent the most sensitive parameters affected by glyphosate in live-bearing Jenynsia multidentata [ 7 ]. Glyphosate in a dose-dependent manner was accompanied by an increase in abnormal and dead spermatozoa, implying that the effects on sperm quality may be due to the direct cytotoxic effect of glyphosate on spermatogenesis and/or indirectly via hypothalamic-pituitary-testis axis which controls reproductive efficiency [ 8 ].…”