Effects of Resveratrol Supplementation on Bone Growth in Young Rats and Microarchitecture and Remodeling in Ageing Rats

Abstract

Osteoporosis is a highly prevalent skeletal disorder in the elderly that causes serious bone fractures. Peak bone mass achieved at adolescence has been shown to predict bone mass and osteoporosis related risk fracture later in life. Resveratrol, a natural polyphenol compound, may have the potential to promote bone formation and reduce bone resorption. However, it is unclear whether it can aid bone growth and bone mass accumulation during rapid growth and modulate bone metabolism during ageing. Using rat models, the current study investigated the potential effects of resveratrol supplementation during the rapid postnatal growth period and in late adulthood (early ageing) on bone microarchitecture and metabolism. In the growth trial, 4-week-old male hooded Wistar rats on a normal chow diet were given resveratrol (2.5 mg/kg/day) or vehicle control for 5 weeks. In the ageing trial, 6-month-old male hooded Wistar rats were treated with resveratrol (20 mg/kg/day) or vehicle for 3 months. Treatment effects in the tibia were examined by μ-computer tomography (μ-CT) analysis, bone histomorphometric measurements and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) gene expression analysis. Resveratrol treatment did not affect trabecular bone volume and bone remodeling indices in the youth animal model. Resveratrol supplementation in the early ageing rats tended to decrease trabecular bone volume, Sirt1 gene expression and increased expression of adipogenesis-related genes in bone, all of which were statistically insignificant. However, it decreased osteocalcin expression (p = 0.03). Furthermore, serum levels of bone resorption marker C-terminal telopeptides type I collagen (CTX-1) were significantly elevated in the resveratrol supplementation group (p = 0.02) with no changes observed in serum levels of bone formation marker alkaline phosphatase (ALP). These results in rat models suggest that resveratrol supplementation does not significantly affect bone volume during the rapid growth phase but may potentially have negative effects on male skeleton during early ageing.

Combined high‐fat‐resveratrol diet and RIP140 knockout mice reveal a novel relationship between elevated bone mitochondrial content and compromised bone microarchitecture, bone mineral mass, and bone strength in the tibia

“…Further, we cannot exclude a possible interactive effect of HF and RSV on bone health, due to the absence of a CON‐RSV group. However, our data are supported by previous reports in both aging and physically inactive male rats that also demonstrated deleterious effects of RSV (12.5–20 mg/kg/day) on tibial bone microarchitecture, mineral mass, and strength—in the absence of an HF challenge. Although not all models respond similarly to RSV, as female ovariectomized (OVX) mice display protective effects of RSV (∼80mg/kg/day) on bone health , our data demonstrate a detrimental effect of RSV in male mice challenged with an HF diet.…”

Combination chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, epirubicin and 5-fluorouracil causes trabecular bone loss, bone marrow cell depletion and marrow adiposity in female rats

“…All serum samples were run in a single assay with the provided standards following instructions provided by the manufacturers. Serum bone formation marker alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels were performed and analysed on a Konelab™ 20XT Clinical Chemistry Analyzer (Thermo Scientific, Vantaa, Finland) using Thermo Scientific reagents [16].…”

Effects of resveratrol on bone‐healing capacity in the mouse tooth extraction socket

“…In particular, resveratrol is reported to be associated with bone protection and bone formation through its action against osteoporosis and bone resorption associated with aging. In addition, it inhibits bone loss associated with estrogen deficiency in resveratrol‐treated animal models . Recent studies have shown that the antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory properties of resveratrol inhibit the inflammatory response of periodontal tissues and prevent alveolar bone loss in rat models caused by bacterial inflammation .…”