Effects of Replacing Soybean Meal with Fermented Rapeseed Meal on Performance, Serum Biochemical Variables and Intestinal Morphology of Broilers

Abstract

This trial was performed to study the effects of replacing soybean meal (SBM) with fermented rapeseed meal (RSM) on growth performance, serum biochemistry variable and intestinal morphology of broilers. A total of 640 d-old Arbor Acres broiler chicks were randomly allocated to 4 dietary treatments, 4 pens per treatment and 40 birds per pen for a 6-wk feeding trial. In the four treatment groups, fermented RSM replaced soybean meal at 0, 5, 10, and 15%, respectively. On 21 d and 42 d, two birds from each pen were randomly selected and slaughtered. Blood samples and sections of duodenum, jejunum, and ileum were collected for measurement of serum biochemical variables and intestinal morphology, respectively. Results showed that body weight gain (BWG) and feed conversion (FC) were significantly (p<0.01) poorer for birds fed the 15% fermented RSM diet than those fed with 0, 5 and 10% fermented RSM diets during all periods. Compared with 0 and 5% fermented RSM groups, IgG content in the serum of birds in 10 and 15% fermented RSM groups was improved (p<0.01) urea nitrogen content of serum was reduced (p<0.01) during both growing and finishing periods. However, IgM, phosphorus and calcium levels increased (p<0.05) only during the growing period. Increased (p<0.05) villus height was observed in the duodenum and jejunum of broilers fed the diet with 10% fermented RSM. In addition, villus height to crypt depth ratio in the jejunum was significantly higher (p<0.01) for birds fed the diet with 10% fermented RSM than for those fed diets with 0, 5 and 15% fermented RSM. The present results suggest that RSM fermented with Lactobacillus fermentum and Bacillus subtilis is a promising alternative protein source and that it could be safely used replace up to 10% SBM in broiler diets.

Effects of Increasing Doses of Lactobacillus Pre-Fermented Rapeseed Product with or without Inclusion of Macroalgae Product on Weaner Piglet Performance and Intestinal Development

“…Long villus height and intact mucosal integrity are essential for nutrient digestion and absorption as well as prevention of invasion of intestinal tissues by pathogenic microbes. Similar findings were reported when fermented rapeseed was fed to broilers where intestinal villus height and villus-to-crypt ratio showed significant improvements [13,37,38]. Feeding of fermented soybean to weaned piglets [39] and Japanese quail [40] also demonstrated significant improvement in villus height but reduced crypt depth along the intestine.…”

“…Conversely, levels of serum immunoglobulins (IgG, IgM, IgA) and IL-6 were increased in response to lower doses (8% or 10% FRM), while the inclusion of AN enhanced IgG but reduced the rests. A study showed that feeding of fermented products, such as the soybean meal, to weaned piglets significantly improved mucosal or systemic immunoglobulins [38,39,54,55]. The discrepancy between increased immunoglobulins and WBC counts could be related to the preferential activation of the adaptive immune responses, which culminate in the increment of immunoglobulins.…”

The effects of fermentation and enzymatic treatment of pea on nutrient digestibility and growth performance of broilers

“…Fermentation of RSM with Lactobacillus fermentum and B. subtilis increased CP, Lys, sulfur AA and considerably decreased isothiocyanates (from 108.7 to 13.1 mmol/kg) (Xu et al, 2012). In the present study none of the two processes modified the AA content of the peas, except a reduction in CF and a slight increase in CP.…”

“…Broilers fed diets containing 10% fermented RSM (with L. fermentum, Enterococcus faecium, Saccharomyces cerevisae and B. subtilis) had better BWG and FCR compared with those fed diets containing 10% native RSM (Chiang et al, 2010). The BWG and FCR of broilers fed diets containing 15% fermented RSM were worse than those received feed containing 0, 5 and 10% fermented RSM, while the other three groups (0%, 5% and 10%) were similar (Xu et al, 2012).…”

Effect of static‐state fermentation on volatile composition in rapeseed meal

“…Recent research has shown that microbial fermentation can effectively reduce the content of these anti‐nutrient factors and improve palatability . Therefore, research has focused on adding fermented RSM (FRSM) as a protein source to animal feed, which has led to promising results . With the emergence of meal from double‐low rapeseed varieties with their lower levels of erucic acid and glucolisinates and the maturation of fermentation technology, the proportion of FRSM used in animal feed has increased significantly.…”