Effects of Relative Humidity on Atmospheric Stress Corrosion Cracking of Stainless Steels

Shoji, Saburo; Ohnaka, Noriyuki; Furutani, Yasumasa; Saito, Takashi

doi:10.3323/jcorr1974.35.10_559

Cited by 24 publications

(28 citation statements)

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“…The relative humidity at which ESCC easily occurs (RHp) is dependent on the type of chlorides. For example, Shoji et al reported [2] RHp values of 60% for NaCl and 30% for MgCl 2 . Another important factor for ESCC is a tensile stress, which is mostly derived from the residual stress as the result of welding or cold working.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Stress corrosion cracking of stainless-steel canister for concrete cask storage of spent fuel

Tani

Mayuzumi

Hara

2008

Journal of Nuclear Materials

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Stress corrosion cracking of stainless-steel canister for concrete cask storage of spent fuel

Tani

Mayuzumi

Hara

2008

Journal of Nuclear Materials

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“…By way of comparison, seawater contains 1.9% Cl ion [34]. In the Shoji studies, no cracking was observed for NaCl, possibly because of the lower Cl content in a saturated solution [30,31]. The Shoji studies are supported by Umemura et al [48], which showed that MgCl 2 , but not NaCl films, undergoing wet/dry cycles promotes TGSCC at temperatures as low as 30°C in unsensitized Type 304 stainless steel.…”

Section: Stress Effectmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…The other mechanism postulated by Oldfield and Todd [21] to explain the ambient swimming pool failures was motivated by Shoji's work [30,31] which indicated that SCC of Type 304 and 316 stainless steel U-bend specimens occurred from surfaces contaminated with various Cl salts including MgCl 2 exposed to certain fixed RH levels. Cracking was observed to occur at ambient temperature for MgCl 2 , CaCl 2 , and ZnCl 2 salts at fixed, low RH corresponding to the equilibrium humidity of a saturated solution of the salt in question (Table 5).…”

Section: Stress Effectmentioning

confidence: 98%

Marine Atmospheric SCC of Unsensitized Stainless Steel Rock Climbing Protection

Sjong

Eiselstein

2008

J Fail. Anal. and Preven.

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A failure investigation into the root cause of fixed austenitic stainless steel climbing anchor hardware in tropical marine climates has been presented. The incident 316L climbing anchor was fixed in a seaside limestone cliff in southern Thailand and underwent transgranular chloride stress corrosion cracking (TGSCC) after 10 years of service. Since stainless steel does not normally undergo stress corrosion cracking (SCC) at ambient temperatures, the conditions known to promote ambient temperature TGSCC of austenitic stainless steel are reviewed. A mechanism that may give rise to TGSCC in limestone climbing anchors in warm marine environments is postulated.

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“…S30403, S31260, S31254(1) and S31603(1) were used for constant-load tests and electro-chemical measurements. S31260, S31254(2) and S31603 (2) were used for crack growth measurements.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The relative humidity for which ESCC easily occurs (RHp) is dependent on the type of chloride. Shoji et al reported, 2) for example, RHp values of 60% for NaCl and 30% for MgCl 2 , respectively. Another important factor of ESCC, tensile stress, is mostly derived from the residual stress resulting from welding or cold working.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress Corrosion Cracking Growth Rates of Candidate Canister Materials for Spent Nuclear Fuel Storage in Chloride-Containing Atmosphere

et al. 2007

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Chloride-induced stress corrosion crack growth rates were measured for candidate canister materials in a simulated marine atmospheric environment. Half-inch compact tension specimens were used to obtain stress corrosion crack growth rates by applying a direct-current potential-drop method to measure crack lengths. The crack growth rates of S31603 and S31260 stainless steels were 3 Â 10 À10 mÁs À1 and 4 Â 10 À13 mÁs À1 for an applied stress intensity factor of 30 MPaÁm 0:5 , respectively, at a test temperature of 353 K at a relative humidity of 35%. S31254 specimens did not show stress corrosion cracking susceptibility under the same conditions as above, suggesting their superior resistance to chloride-induced stress corrosion cracking. These data were consistent with the results that S31260 and S31254 stainless steels did not fail after up to 37700 h although S31603 failed after 533 h in constant-load tests under the same environmental conditions. Assuming active-path corrosion to be an anodic subprocess of stress corrosion crack growth, anodic polarization curves of the test materials were obtained in a synthetic seawater solution of pH 1 at 353 K. The maximum anodic current density of the active dissolution of S31603 stainless steel was ten times as large as that of S31260 stainless steel. This result qualitatively explains the difference in the crack growth behavior between S31603 and S31260 stainless steels.

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Effects of Relative Humidity on Atmospheric Stress Corrosion Cracking of Stainless Steels

Cited by 24 publications

References 0 publications

Stress corrosion cracking of stainless-steel canister for concrete cask storage of spent fuel

Stress corrosion cracking of stainless-steel canister for concrete cask storage of spent fuel

Marine Atmospheric SCC of Unsensitized Stainless Steel Rock Climbing Protection

Stress Corrosion Cracking Growth Rates of Candidate Canister Materials for Spent Nuclear Fuel Storage in Chloride-Containing Atmosphere

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