Effects of Regenerant Wastewater Irrigation on Growth and Ion Uptake of Landscape Plants

Chen, Janquo; Lin, Hong; Mantgem, Phillip Van; Harivandi, M. A.; Harding, Janies A.

doi:10.24266/0738-2898-13.2.92

Cited by 17 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…We did not include lime in order to determine the maximum, unadulterated effect of different types of Al fertilization on substrate solution pH, plant health, and flower color. Ca and Mg levels were sufficient, i.e., not limiting, in both locations [26] and commensurate with other research in which hydrangea was grown at a low pH and in the presence of Al [16,36]. However, our pH remained well below the acceptable range for most plants, even among controls, and some treatments led to crop loss.…”

Section: Flower Color Measurementssupporting

confidence: 87%

A Fine Line between Phytotoxicity and Blue When Producing Hydrangea macrophylla in a Nursery at a Low Substrate pH

et al. 2022

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Hydrangea macrophylla exhibiting blue sepals (versus purple or pink) have improved marketability; however, little research has been conducted to evaluate aluminum (Al), the element responsible for bluing, on crop growth, effectiveness of bluing sepals, and characteristics of flower clusters in an outdoor nursery. This study compared substrate Al availability, crop growth, flower color, number, and size over a 56-week period in two locations. A polymer coated (90-day release) or ground aluminum sulfate [Al2(SO4)3; water soluble] was either incorporated into a non-limed pine bark substrate, applied to the surface of the substrate as a top dress, or as a routinely applied Al2(SO4)3 drench (low concn.) or applied once (high concn.). In general, application of Al increased plant foliar Al concentration, but also decreased substrate pore-water pH and increased electrical conductivity (EC) with varying effects based on the applied product’s solubility and subsequent longevity. Aluminum sulfate increased the potential of Al phytotoxicity negatively affecting root morphology and creating an undesirable rhizosphere electrochemistry due to the pH being continually acidic, <4, and the EC being temporarily increased to >1.5 mS·cm−1. These suboptimal rhizosphere conditions resulted in a lower quality or smaller plant. No plants exhibited clear, deep blue flower cluster sought by consumers. Neither the effect of pore water pH or EC could, alone or in combination, account for the lack of plant vigor or blue flower clusters when substrate and foliar Al concentrations were adequate in flowering H. macrophylla. More research is needed to investigate the effect of pore-water electrochemical properties, possible mineral nutrient co-factors that provide Al synergisms or toxicity protections, and holistic plant health on ensuring blue coloration of a vigorous H. macrophylla.

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Section: Flower Color Measurementssupporting

confidence: 87%

A Fine Line between Phytotoxicity and Blue When Producing Hydrangea macrophylla in a Nursery at a Low Substrate pH

et al. 2022

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“…However, in for ma tion on the quality of captured water and its effects on commercial containerized plant pro duc tion is limited. Most studies have dealt with treated municipal water or re claimed water (Berry et al, 1980;Fitzpatrick et al, 1986;Wu et al, 1995) or captured irrigation runoff for the production of containerized land scape ornamental plants (Camper et al, 1994;Quist et al, 1999;Skimina, 1986;Yeager et al, 1989). There have been no previous re ports on the use of the captured water for greenhouse containerized plant production.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Captured Rainwater and Irrigation Runoff for Greenhouse Foliage and Bedding Plant Production

Chen¹,

Beeson²,

Yeager³

et al. 2003

HortSci

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Irrigation runoff water from a containerized landscape plant production bed was blended with rainwater from green house roofs in a constructed collection basin. Water from both the collection basin and an on-site potable well were characterized and used to grow foliage and bedding plants with overhead and ebb-and-flow irrigation systems. Over a 2-year period, a total of 18 foliage and 8 bedding plant cultivars were produced with plant growth and quality quantified. Alkalinity, electrical conductivity, hardness, and concentrations of nutrients of water from both sources were well within desired levels for greenhouse crop production. Turbidity and pH were relatively high from algal growth in the collection basin. However, substrate pH, irrigated by either water source, remained between 6 and 7 throughout the production periods. All plants at the time of finishing were of marketable sizes and salable quality independent of water source. No disease incidences or growth disorders related to water sources were observed. Results suggest that captured irrigation runoff blended with rainwater can be an alternative water source for green house crop production.

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“…This statement indicates that a more suitable soil texture (i.e., a finer grain size) may help to contrast the negative effects of chlorine in wastewater. Moreover, the greater the amounts of accumulated chlorine, the higher the reduction in growth [48]. According to [52], this tolerance to chlorine should be ascribed to the high content of calcium in plant tissues [31] (Table 6).…”

Section: Effects Of Chlorinated Wastewater On Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Use of Treated Municipal Wastewater after Chlorination: Short-Term Effects on Crops and Soils

Zema,

Carrà,

Sorgonà

et al. 2023

Sustainability

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Due to the scarcity of fresh water for crop irrigation in semi-arid areas, sustainable use of treated municipal wastewater is essential. Chlorine for wastewater disinfection added in wastewater treatment plants may be toxic for crops and can degrade cultivated soils. This study evaluates the crop and soil response to irrigation with treated municipal wastewater (with or without chlorination) in comparison to clear water. Small plants of tomato and cabbage and young bergamot trees were irrigated in pots throughout two months. The use of chlorinated or non-chlorinated wastewater did not significantly change biomass growth, morphological parameters and the efficiency of energy transfer. Significant reductions (40–50%) in the stem diameter of tomato and bergamot plants and differences (−25% to 53%) in all physiological parameters were measured for tomato immediately after the irrigation start. A decrease (−55%) in stomatal conductance and transpiration rate together with an increase (+80%) in water use efficiency were also recorded in bergamot after 30 days of irrigation. This type of irrigation water did not induce significant changes in soil properties, except for a decrease in pH (−20%) in bergamot soils after the irrigation start and in electric conductivity (EC, −40%) at the end of the irrigation period for all species. Irrigation of plants with chlorinated wastewater increased the weight of the fresh biomass (+56%) of leaves and the stem diameter (−60%) of tomato and decreased water use efficiency (+67%) in bergamot after the irrigation start. After two months, decreases in stomatal conductance and transpiration rate in cabbage (over 50%) and increases in water use efficiency in cabbage and bergamot (by 40% and 70%, respectively) were evident. Among the studied soil properties, land application of chlorinated wastewater only reduced electrical conductivity (−47%). Overall, this study demonstrated that the use of treated municipal wastewater (with or without chlorination) does not have detrimental impacts on both plant growth (at least for tomato, cabbage and bergamot) and soil health in the short term.

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Effects of Regenerant Wastewater Irrigation on Growth and Ion Uptake of Landscape Plants

Cited by 17 publications

References 0 publications

A Fine Line between Phytotoxicity and Blue When Producing Hydrangea macrophylla in a Nursery at a Low Substrate pH

A Fine Line between Phytotoxicity and Blue When Producing Hydrangea macrophylla in a Nursery at a Low Substrate pH

Evaluation of Captured Rainwater and Irrigation Runoff for Greenhouse Foliage and Bedding Plant Production

Sustainable Use of Treated Municipal Wastewater after Chlorination: Short-Term Effects on Crops and Soils

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