Effects of Reduction of MHCII Expression on M1 Polarity Activated HMC3 Microglia Cells By n-Hexane And Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Semanggi (Marsilea crenata Presl.) Leaves

Abstract

Neuroinflammatory is a pathological condition in which neuronal cells experience progressive loss of function, one of which is due to estrogen deficiency. Phytoestrogens are compound that has structure and function similar to 17β-estradiol, the most potent natural form of estrogen. Semanggi (Marsilea crenata Presl.) is known to contain phytoestrogens which can replace the function of 17β-estradiol in maintaining organ homeostasis, so that is potential to be developed as an anti-neuroinflammatory drug. This study was aimed to prove the anti-neuroinflammatory effect of the n-hexane and ethyl acetate fraction of Semanggi leaves on HMC3 microglia cells, by measuring the expression of major histocompatibility complex II (MHC II). Both fractions with a concentration of 62.5; 125; and 250 μg/ml were administered to HMC3 microglia cells which had been induced by interferon gamma (IFN-γ) for 24 hours. Measurement of MHC II expression were using immunocytochemistry (ICC) methods and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) instruments. The results showed that n-hexane fraction could reduce MHC II expression at concentrations of 250 μg/ml with p<0.05, and showed a non-monotonic dose response (NMDR) pattern, while ethyl acetate fraction could reduce MHC II expression at all concentrations with p<0.05. Based on the results of the correlation test, the best anti-neuroinflammatory activity on HMC3 microglia cells is showed by the ethyl acetate fraction of Semanggi leaves.

Efek Antiinflamasi Ekstrak dan Tablet Daun Kenitu (Chrysophyllum cainito L. ) pada Tikus Wistar (Rattus norvegicus)

“…Tabel 1. Rata-rata persentase penghambatan edema telapak kaki tikus pada kelompok EDC Kelompok % Penghambatan Edema Telapak Kaki Tikus pada Jam Ke- (Lagarde et al, 2015;Ma'arif et al, 2022). Dalam pengembangan ekstrak daun C. cainito menjadi bentuk tablet yang berpotensi sebagai obat antiinflamasi dengan berat 900 mg, kelompok dosis kedua ini memiliki efek yang sama dengan memberikan tiga tablet kepada manusia setiap hari (1 tablet TDC dengan berat 900 mg setara 150 mg EDC).…”

Antineuroinflammatory Properties of Compounds from Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Marsilea crenata C. Presl. Against Toll-Like Receptor 2 (3A7B) In Silico

“…was shown to inhibit neuroinflammation progression via the estrogen-receptor (ER) dependent pathway, specifically by decreasing the expression of major histocompatibility complex II (MHCII) and increasing the expression of arginase 1 (Arg1), both of which were caused by phytoestrogen compounds in M. crenata Presl. leaves binding with ER (Ma'arif et al, 2020a;2020b;2021b, 2022c2022d), This plant also has the effect of increasing locomotor activity in the rotenone-induced parkinsonian zebrafish (Ma'arif et al, 2022e;2022f). The goal of this work is to build on prior research that was used in silico to anticipate the antineuroinflammatory action of M. crenata Presl.…”