Effects of radioactive fallout from a nuclear power plant accident on electrical parameters

Israelsson, S.; Knudsen, E.

doi:10.1029/jd091id11p11909

Cited by 37 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Direct effect of air pollution could be observed upon the D-layer above major industrial areas (Givishvili and Leshchenko, 1993). The effects of radioactive gases produced by nuclear power plants in a routine manner (Boeck, 1976) or by accident (Israelsson and Knudsen, 1986;Retalis and Pitta, 1989), are first considered in Section 4.1. The Section 4.2 presents the ionospheric perturbations which are due to gas release from high-flying aircraft, large rockets or satellites.…”

Section: Gas Releasementioning

confidence: 99%

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Physical mechanisms of man-made influences on the magnetosphere

Parrot

Zaslavski

1996

Surv Geophys

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Since the discovery of the Luxembourg effect in the 1930s, it is clear that man-made activities can perturb the ionosphere and the magnetosphere. The anthropogenic effects are mainly clue to different kinds of waves coming from the Earth's surface. Acoustic-gravity waves are generated by large explosions, spacecraft launches, or flight of supersonic planes. Electromagnetic waves are active in different frequency ranges. Power line harmonic radiation which is radiated in the ELF range by electrical power systems can be observed over industrial areas. At VLF and HF, the ground-based transmitters used for communications or radio-navigation heat the ionosphere and change the natural parameters. A large variety of phenomena is observed: wave-particle interaction, precipitation of radiation belt electrons, parametric coupling of EM whistler waves, triggered emissions, frequency shift, and whistler spectrum broadening. This paper will review the different physical mechanisms which are relevant to such perturbations. The possibility of direct chemical pollution in the ionosphere due to gas releases is also discussed.

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Section: Gas Releasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…An increase of the conductivity by a factor of 11 has been observed by Israelsson and Knudsen (1986) during a nuclear power plant accident.…”

Section: J-rh (42)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical mechanisms of man-made influences on the magnetosphere

Parrot

Zaslavski

1996

Surv Geophys

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“…2b, suggesting that the increased atmospheric radioactivity might have caused some detectable effects on PG. Such an effect has never been studied before, either after nuclear tests (Harris 1955) or the Chernobyl nuclear accident (Israelsson and Knudsen 1986;Tuomi 1988). Therefore, it is worth finding any statistical differences in the behavior of PG, particularly the negative peak values and timescale around it, between during the first 50 days after the Fukushima accident (when the atmospheric radioactivity increased) and the same time in the other years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of enhanced ionizing radiation on the cloud electricity after the Fukushima nuclear accident

Yamauchi

Takeda

Nagamachi

2018

Earth Planets Space

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The vertical downward component of the DC atmospheric electric field, or potential gradient (PG), at Kakioka 150 km southwest of the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant (FNPP1) was analyzed before and after the FNPP1 accident to examine possible influence of floating radioactive particles on the PG under the highly electrified clouds. Using 1-min PG data from March 13 to April 30 (late April 2011 corresponding to the time when floating radioactive materials decreased significantly) from 2006 to 2015, time profiles to/from the PG peaks (<− 100 or >+ 100 V/m) for 2011 are compared with other years. The PG developed toward and decays from its negative peaks faster in the first 50 days after the FNPP1 accident than for the same period in other years, making the 10-min averaged PG values for the same negative PG peak higher (smaller in terms of absolute value) during the first 50 days after the FNPP1 accident than those in other years in the study period, while the distribution of peak PG values is similar between 2011 and the other years. The observed shortening of the timescale is symmetric between the rise and decay and is the most clear when the negative PG peak is about − 200 to − 400 V/m. For positive peaks, the change of the baseline resulting from the radioactive contamination on the ground in 2011 caused superficial difference on such time profiles. Otherwise, there are no significant difference between 2011 and the other years. Possible explanations based on increased ionizing radiation from floating radioactive particles, which are found to be concentrated at low altitudes (< 500 m according to radiosonde in-situ observations of gamma rays) where negative cloud charges normally exceed positive charges, are discussed. The scenarios discussed include enhanced electrostatic shielding and electric conductivity-led decay rate of cloud charges. The result opens up a new possibility of using PG as an independent monitor of radioactivity at some altitudes in case of nuclear accidents.

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“…Similar conductivity observations were made in Sweden. In Uppsala, northwest of Stockholm, the electrical conductivity of the air increased from 20 fS/m to 220 fS/m after a rainfall on April 29 (Israelsson & Knudsen, 1986).…”

Section: External Radiation and Air Electricitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerosol Science and Technology: History and Reviews

Ensor¹

2011

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Aerosol Science and Technology: History and Reviews captures an exciting slice of history in the evolution of aerosol science. It presents in-depth biographies of four leading international aerosol researchers and highlights pivotal research institutions in New York, Minnesota, and Austria. One collection of chapters reflects on the legacy of the Pasadena smog experiment, while another presents a fascinating overview of military applications and nuclear aerosols. Finally, prominent researchers offer detailed reviews of aerosol measurement, processes, experiments, and technology that changed the face of aerosol science. This volume is the third in a series and is supported by the American Association for Aerosol Research (AAAR) History Working Group, whose goal is to produce archival books from its symposiums on the history of aerosol science to ensure a lasting record. It is based on papers presented at the Third Aerosol History Symposium on September 8 and 9, 2006, in St. Paul, Minnesota, USA.

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Effects of radioactive fallout from a nuclear power plant accident on electrical parameters

Cited by 37 publications

References 5 publications

Physical mechanisms of man-made influences on the magnetosphere

Physical mechanisms of man-made influences on the magnetosphere

Effect of enhanced ionizing radiation on the cloud electricity after the Fukushima nuclear accident

Aerosol Science and Technology: History and Reviews

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