Effects of pyrolysis conditions on Miscanthus and corncob chars: Characterization by IR, solid state NMR and BPCA analysis

Budai, Alice; Calucci, Lucia; Rasse, Daniel P.; Strand, Liv Inger; Pengerud, Annelene; Wiedemeier, Daniel B.; Abiven, Samuel; Forte, Claudia

doi:10.1016/j.jaap.2017.09.017

Cited by 28 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 56 publications

(94 reference statements)

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“…[44] The vibration stretching at 3350 cm −1 was assigned to the alcohols, phenols, and carboxylic acids owing to the hydroxyl and carboxyl group of lignin and carbohydrates in biomass. [45] These components were also not noticed in the biochars due to dehydration and decarboxylation reactions during pyrolysis. The vibrations representing aromatic rings were observed at 898 cm −1 in BC-500 due to the formation of thermally stable carbon, which was also discussed earlier in thermogravimetric and ultimate analyses.…”

Section: Ft-ir Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyrolysis of Miscanthus and characterization of value‐added bio‐oil and biochar products

et al. 2021

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Miscanthus, an invasive crop, has recently gained attention as an emerging energy crop because of certain traits like fast growth, high yield, ability to grow in marginal land, and resistance to extreme weather conditions. In this work, Miscanthus was selected as the feedstock for fast pyrolysis in a mechanically fluidized bed reactor at variable temperatures (400 C, 450 C, and 500 C) and vapour residence times (1.4, 2.7, and 5.2 seconds). Fast pyrolysis performed at 450 C with 1.4 seconds of vapour residence time gave the highest yield of biooil (>50 wt%). Biochar obtained at different pyrolysis temperatures was activated at 900 C for 1.5 hours under CO 2 atmosphere to enhance its value as a potential adsorption agent for pollutants. Several physicochemical characterization techniques were used to study the bio-oils, biochars, and activated biochars obtained from the pyrolysis of Miscanthus. The absorption of methylene blue as a model dye was done to evaluate the performance of activated biochar vs the biochar precursors. Both pyrolysis and physical activation complemented each other as new technologies for energy extraction and material synthesis from Miscanthus.

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Section: Ft-ir Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyrolysis of Miscanthus and characterization of value‐added bio‐oil and biochar products

et al. 2021

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“…34 The progressive transformation from cellulose and lignin to a highly aromatic structure with the increase in temperature is shown in the literature. 35 The large number of small molecule compounds was produced by the pyrolysis of Miscanthus, resulting in the increase of ketone, aldehyde, phenol, heterocycles, and aromatic compounds. The relative content of heterocyclic compounds decreased because of the massive decomposition of heterocyclic compounds due to ring-opening reaction in the range of 400°C-600°C.…”

Section: Effect Of Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of pyrolysis parameters on the distribution of pyrolysis products of Miscanthus

Zhou

Tian

et al. 2021

Progress in Reaction Kinetics and Mechanism

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This work presents a comprehensive study on the effects of pyrolysis parameters (pyrolysis temperature, residence time, and heating rate) on the distribution of pyrolysis products of Miscanthus. Py-GC/MS (Pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass) was conducted to identify building blocks of value-added chemical from Miscanthus. The results showed that the main pyrolysis products of Miscanthus were ketone, aldehyde, phenol, heterocycles, and aromatic compounds. The representative compounds of ketone and aldehyde compounds produced at different pyrolysis temperatures changed obviously, while the representative compounds of phenolic, heterocyclic, and aromatic compounds had no obvious change. Large-scale pyrolysis of Miscanthus had begun at 400°C, and the relative content of pyrolysis products from Miscanthus reached the maximum of 98.34% at 700°C. The relative peak area ratio of phenol and aromatic compounds reached the maximum and minimum at the residence time of 5 and 10 s, while the relative peak area ratio of ketone compounds showed the opposite trend. The relative peak area ratio of aldehyde compounds was higher under shorter or longer residence time. For heterocyclic compounds, the relative peak area ratio reached the maximum of 27.0% at residence time of 10 s. The faster or slower heating rate was beneficial to the production of aldehyde and phenol compounds. The relative peak area ratio of ketone compounds reached the maximum at 10,000°C/s, 70°C/s, and 10°C/s, and the relative peak area ratio tendency of heterocyclic compounds was similar to ketone. For aromatic compounds, the overall fluctuations were large, and the relative peak area ratio was the highest at the heating rate of 100°C/s.

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“…The less the adjacent hydrogen atoms, the more the fusion and/or substitution. Here, the assignment of aromatic components are made in two regions: (a) 2800-3100 cm −1 for aromatic C-H stretching [55] and (b) 900-700 cm −1 as follows-single aromatic hydrogen with 3-4 ring condensation/substitutions at 870 ± 20 cm −1 ; ring with two adjacent hydrogen at 815 ± 20 cm −1 ; ring with three adjacent hydrogen 790 ± 10 cm −1 ; and aromatic ring with four adjacent hydrogen at 750 ± 20 cm −1 [56][57][58].…”

Section: Atr-ftir Spectramentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The wideband around 1000 cm −1 in 650D is from Si-O [16,53], and phosphates [41]. Aromatic ring substitution is seen at 879 and 776 cm −1 [57,58]. In 650S spectrum, there is a strong presence of Si-O (1012 cm −1 ), metal-halogen compounds (sub 600 cm −1 ) [69], and Si-Ph (1300-1090 cm −1 ).…”

Section: Biochar From the Individual Unmixed Substratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochar from co-pyrolysis of urban organic wastes—investigation of carbon sink potential using ATR-FTIR and TGA

Nair

Mondal

Weichgrebe

2020

Biomass Conv. Bioref.

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Urban organic wastes (UOW) strain the infrastructures for solid waste treatment (SWT) in emerging economies. This study investigated biochar gained from three major UOW sources in India—banana peduncles (BP), a fibrous waste, from fruit markets; sewage sludge (SS) from wastewater treatment plants; and anaerobic digestate (AD) from food and market waste processing facilities—in terms of its potential to sequester and become long-term carbon sink in soils. Herein, the chemical properties (using ATR-FTIR) and thermal oxidative stability (using TGA) of biochars derived from these UOW and their three blends were examined. Biochar from SS and AD and the blends were found to possess more ash content, Cl, and alkali and alkaline earth metals (AAEM) than that from BP. The conventional recalcitrance index (R50) could not quantify and compare the stability of these mineral- and ash-rich biochars. Hence, a modified thermal oxidative recalcitrance index (TORi) is proposed. All the biochar from blends prepared at highest treatment temperature of 650 °C shows similar aromaticity. However, biochar from blend of 50% SS, 30%BP, and 20% AD exhibits the highest recalcitrance (TORi = 0.193) to become a long-term carbon sink in soil. More than aromaticity, the influence of Si, Fe, and AAEM on the biochar matrix affects its recalcitrance. Variations in the structural properties and recalcitrance of biochars from blends are attributable to the synergy among their constituents SS, AD, and BP. The determined TORi confirms the potential of biochar from the blends of UOW as a long-term carbon sink.

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Effects of pyrolysis conditions on Miscanthus and corncob chars: Characterization by IR, solid state NMR and BPCA analysis

Cited by 28 publications

References 56 publications

Pyrolysis of Miscanthus and characterization of value‐added bio‐oil and biochar products

Pyrolysis of Miscanthus and characterization of value‐added bio‐oil and biochar products

Effects of pyrolysis parameters on the distribution of pyrolysis products of Miscanthus

Biochar from co-pyrolysis of urban organic wastes—investigation of carbon sink potential using ATR-FTIR and TGA

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