Effects of propofol on LC3II and mTOR/p‑mTOR expression during ischemia‑reperfusion myocardium injury in rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Abstract

To investigate the effects of propofol on myocardial ischemia reperfusion in rats with type 2 diabetes, male adult rats were divided into five groups: Sham-operation (CC), ischemia-reperfusion (CI), low-dose propofol (LP), moderate-dose propofol (MP) and high-dose propofol (HP). The LP, MP and HP groups were administered with 6, 12 and 24 mg/kg/h propofol, respectively, prior to occlusion. Heart rate (HR), left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP) and the rate (dp/dt max) of left ventricular pressure rise in early systole (±dp/dt max) were recorded. The role of autophagy was also studied by measuring the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), autophagy marker protein LC3II, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)/phosphorylate (p)-mTOR and cardiac troponin T (cTnT). The myocardial morphological features were assessed using light and electron microscopy. The present results demonstrated that the HR, LVSP, +dp/dt and -dp/dt levels in the propofol groups (LP, MP and HP) were significantly increased (P<0.05) when compared with the CI group. The myocardial cells in the MP group showed mild edematous changes and partially dissolved mitochondrial cristae and membrane rupture. SOD, cTnT and MDA levels were significantly decreased (P<0.05), mTOR expression decreased significantly (P<0.05) and p-mTOR expression increased significantly in the MP group (P<0.05). The present study demonstrated the protective effects of propofol in T2DM rats exhibiting MIRI, with an optimal protective effect at an infusion rate of 12 mg/kg/h. Additionally, the results revealed that propofol led to significant reductions in LC3II and mTOR serum levels and the inhibition of autophagy in myocardial cells.

Tai Chi Program to Improve Glucose Control and Quality of Life for the Elderly With Type 2 Diabetes: A Meta-analysis

“…50 Even after controlling for demographic variables, the improvement in quality of life was significantly related to the number of years and frequency of practicing Tai chi. [51][52][53] In previous studies, diabetic patients who exercised Tai chi for more than 12 weeks reported higher cutaneous vascular conductivity and better peripheral nerve conduction velocity of bilateral median and tibial nerves. [54][55][56] These findings suggest that Tai chi exercise can improve sensory function and neuropathy related symptoms.…”

“…50 Even after controlling for demographic variables, the improvement in quality of life was significantly related to the number of years and frequency of practicing Tai chi. 51-53…”

Mild hypothermia combined with dexmedetomidine reduced brain, lung, and kidney damage in experimental acute focal ischemic stroke

“…Dexmedetomidine attenuates cell damage and apoptosis in H9c2 cardiomyocytes [ 56 ] and inhibits pyroptosis in myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury in rats [ 57 ]. Propofol also reduced cardiac injury via inhibition of intrinsic apoptotic pathways [ 58 , 59 ].…”

Autophagy-targeted therapy to modulate age-related diseases: Success, pitfalls, and new directions

“…Besides, it may prevent cerebral ischemia-triggered autophagy activation and cell death through the NF-κB/p53 signaling pathway ( Cui et al., 2013 ). A recent report shows that propofol significantly reduces serum levels of LC3-II and mTOR, which is associated with inhibition of autophagy in myocardial cells from rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus ( Wang et al., 2020b ). Berberine and melatonin are potential drugs to prevent excessive autophagy in cardiomyocytes via suppressing upstream AMPK signaling, which leads to amelioration of cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury ( Huang et al., 2015 ; Chen et al., 2018c ).…”