Effects of Propofol and Isoflurane Anesthesia on the Intraocular Pressure and Hemodynamics of Pigs

Buehner, E; Pietsch, Uta–Carolin; Bringmann, Andreas; Foja, C.; Wiedemann, Peter; Uhlmann, Susann

doi:10.1159/000317060

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…16 Most of the literature suggests that isoflurane lowers IOPs; however, at least one study suggests that it increases IOP. 16,122,124,129 For example, isoflurane administration in pigs has been shown to result in a decrease in IOP from 16.5 to 14.9 mmHg (i.e., 9.7%; n ¼ 9). 16 In another study, IOP decreased when using a combination of isoflurane and remifentanil.…”

Section: Isofluranementioning

confidence: 99%

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Pediatric intraocular pressure measurements: Tonometers, central corneal thickness, and anesthesia

Fayed

Chen

2019

Survey of Ophthalmology

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Measuring intraocular pressure (IOP) is the cornerstone of a comprehensive glaucoma examination. In babies or small children, however, IOP measurements are problematic, cannot often be performed at the slit lamp, and sometimes require general anesthesia. Therefore, it is essential for an ophthalmologist who examines a pediatric patient to be aware of the different tonometers used in children, as well as the effects of central corneal thickness and anesthesia on IOP measurements. Goldmann applanation tonometry is the gold standard for IOP assessment. Most alternative tonometers tend to give higher IOP readings than the Goldmann applanation tonometer, and readings between different tonometers are often not interchangeable. Similar to Goldmann tonometry, many of these alternative tonometers are affected by central corneal thickness, with thicker corneas having artifactually high IOP readings and thinner corneas having artifactually lower IOP readings. Although various machines can be used to compensate for corneal factors (e.g., the dynamic contour tonometer and ocular response analyzer), it is important to be aware that certain ocular diseases can be associated with abnormal central corneal thickness values and that their IOP readings need to be interpreted accordingly. Because induction and anesthetics can affect IOP, office IOPs taken in awake patients are always the most accurate.

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Section: Isofluranementioning

confidence: 99%

“…16,122,124,129 For example, isoflurane administration in pigs has been shown to result in a decrease in IOP from 16.5 to 14.9 mmHg (i.e., 9.7%; n ¼ 9). 16 In another study, IOP decreased when using a combination of isoflurane and remifentanil. 122 In contrast, Mowafi et al reported that IOP increased with isoflurane anesthesia.…”

Section: Isofluranementioning

confidence: 99%

Pediatric intraocular pressure measurements: Tonometers, central corneal thickness, and anesthesia

Fayed

Chen

2019

Survey of Ophthalmology

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“…Sugar glider IOPs (12 ± 2.6 mmHg) were slightly lower than those reported for guinea pigs (16.5 ± 1.3 mmHg) using the TonoVet PLUS on “rabbit” calibration. Isoflurane has been shown to significantly decrease IOP in dogs and pigs, 27,28 thus anesthesia could have decreased IOP obtained from sugar gliders in this study. This phenomenon was also noted in koalas, as those that were conscious had IOPs greater than those induced with alfaxalone and maintained on isoflurane (15.3 ± 5.1 mmHg and 13.8 ± 3.4 mmHg, respectively) 16 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Clinical ophthalmological diagnostic description of 10 healthy sugar gliders (Petaurus breviceps) and prevalence of ocular‐related presentations in a larger hospital population

Fraess

Sadar

Daniels

et al. 2020

Veterinary Ophthalmology

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Objective To provide reference values for ocular examination and diagnostics in ophthalmologically normal sugar gliders (Petaurus breviceps). To retrospectively determine the prevalence of ocular diseases in sugar gliders presenting to a single institution. Animals Ten client owned and 106 previously evaluated sugar gliders. Procedure A descriptive study evaluated sugar gliders presented to Colorado State University's Avian, Exotics, and Zoological Medicine Service (CSU‐AEZ) from August‐2019 to January‐2020. A complete ophthalmic examination including Schirmer tear test II (STT II), phenol red threat test (PRTT), intraocular pressure (IOP) via rebound tonometry, fluorescein, and rose bengal stain was performed under anesthesia. Conjunctival aerobic culture swabs and cytology were collected prior to ophthalmic evaluation. A retrospective review of medical records of sugar gliders presented to CSU‐AEZ from 2008 to 2018 for ocular disease was performed. Results Mean values ± standard deviation for selected diagnostics included the following: STT II: 2.2 ± 6.7 mm/min; PRTT: 0 ± 0 mm/15 s; IOP: 12 ± 2.6 mm Hg. Fluorescein and rose bengal staining highlighted corneal abrasions secondary to tear testing. The three most common conjunctival bacterial isolates cultured were Staphylococcus spp. (3/20, 15%), Coryneform spp. (3/20, 15%), and unidentified Gram‐positive cocci (3/20, 15%). Retrospective analysis revealed ocular diseases to be the third most common abnormality resulting in sugar glider presentations (13/106, 12.3%). Conclusion This descriptive study gives reference values for IOP, conjunctival microbiology, and cytology for sugar gliders. STT II and PRTT provide little clinical value in sugar gliders. The retrospective study revealed that ocular abnormalities, often secondary to dental disease, are a common reason for presentation.

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“…Our results demonstrated that N 2 O did not affect IOP during 3 hours in patients under general anesthesia with sevoflurane and remifentanil. However, IOP increased at 3 hours after induction of anesthesia compared with starting point in both patients with and without N 2 O. Intraocular pressure (IOP) is known to changing at perioperative period due to anesthetic maneuvers [3] [17], anesthetic agents [4] [18]- [21], and patient's position [22]- [27] and hemodynamics [28]. Tracheal intubation [29], succinylcholine [5]- [7], inhalational anesthesia [1] [2] [8], and nitrous oxide (N 2 O) [21] may influence IOP.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Nitrous Oxide on the Intraocular Pressure in Patients Undergoing Abdominal Surgery under Sevoflurane and Remifentanil Anesthesia

Goyagi¹,

Sato²,

Horiguchi³

et al. 2016

OJAnes

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Introduction: Although inhalational anesthesia and nitrousoxide (N 2 O) are known to affect the intraocular pressure (IOP), little is known about the effect of nitrousoxide on the IOP during sevoflurane and remifentanil anesthesia. In the present study, we examined the effect of balanced anesthesia on the IOP. Materials and Methods: After obtaining informed consent, the patients undergoing abdominal surgery under general anesthesia were divided into two groups: N 2 O group (n = 10) and control group (n = 12). General anesthesia was maintained with remifentanil (0.05 -0.3 µg/kg/min), 33% O 2 and 1.2% sevoflurane to keep ETCO 2 of 35 -40 mmHg following tracheal intubation. After baseline measurement of IOP (T0, 20 minutes after injection of anesthesia), the patients in the N 2 O group received 67% nitrousoxide, and the patients in the control group received air, with O 2 and 1.2% sevoflurane. Then, IOP was measured at 1 hour (T1), 2 hours (T2), and 3 hours (T3) after anesthesia induction in the supineposition. Blood pressure and heart rate were recorded at the same time interval. Results: There was no significant difference in the IOP at any period between the two groups. In both groups, the IOP at the T3 was significantly higher than that at T0. Conclusion: These results suggest that N 2 O does not affect the IOP in patients undergoing abdominal surgery under sevoflurane and remifentanil anesthesia.

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Effects of Propofol and Isoflurane Anesthesia on the Intraocular Pressure and Hemodynamics of Pigs

Cited by 15 publications

References 45 publications

Pediatric intraocular pressure measurements: Tonometers, central corneal thickness, and anesthesia

Pediatric intraocular pressure measurements: Tonometers, central corneal thickness, and anesthesia

Clinical ophthalmological diagnostic description of 10 healthy sugar gliders (Petaurus breviceps) and prevalence of ocular‐related presentations in a larger hospital population

The Effect of Nitrous Oxide on the Intraocular Pressure in Patients Undergoing Abdominal Surgery under Sevoflurane and Remifentanil Anesthesia

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