Effects of propofol and dexmedetomidine with and without remifentanil on serum cytokine concentrations in healthy volunteers: a post hoc analysis

Abstract

Background: Anaesthetic agents are likely to alter circulating cytokine concentrations. Because preceding studies have not been able to exclude the contribution of surgical trauma, perioperative stress, or both to circulating cytokine concentrations, the effects of anaesthesia remain unclear. The aim of this study was to quantify serum cytokines in healthy volunteers administered i.v. anaesthetic agents in the absence of surgical trauma and perioperative stress. Methods: Serum samples obtained during previous standardised studies from healthy volunteers were compared before and 6e8 h after induction of anaesthesia with propofol (n¼31), propofol/remifentanil (n¼30), dexmedetomidine (n¼17) or dexmedetomidine/remifentanil (n¼15). Anaesthetic regimens were standardised and volunteers did not undergo any surgical intervention. Serum concentrations of interleukin (IL)2, IL4, IL6, IL10, IL17, IL18, IL21, IL22, IL23, C-X-C motif ligand 8, interferon gamma, E-selectin, L-selectin, major histocompatibility complex class I chain-polypeptide-related sequence (MIC)A, MICB, Granzyme A, and Granzyme B were quantified using a multiplexed antibody-based assay (Luminex). Results: Samples were obtained from volunteers of either sex aged 18e70 yr. After anaesthesia with propofol alone, concentrations of IL4 (P¼0.012), IL6 (P¼0.027), IL21 (P¼0.035), IL22 (P¼0.002), C-X-C motif ligand 8 (P¼0.004), MICB (P¼0.046), and Granzyme A (P¼0.045) increased. After anaesthesia with propofol and remifentanil, IL17 (P¼0.013), interferon gamma (P¼0.003), and MICA (P¼0.001) decreased, but IL6 (P¼0.006) and L-selectin (P¼0.001) increased. After dexmedetomidine alone, IL18 (P¼0.002), L-selectin (P¼0.017), E-selectin (P¼0.002), and Granzyme B (P¼0.023) decreased. After dexmedetomidine with remifentanil no changes were observed. Conclusions: In healthy volunteers not undergoing surgery, different i.v. anaesthesia regimens were associated with differential effects on circulating cytokines.

Baseline Values and Kinetics of IL-6, Procalcitonin, and TNF-α in Landrace-Large White Swine Anesthetized with Propofol-Based Total Intravenous Anesthesia

“…Propofol-based total intravenous anesthesia is a widely used method for induction and maintenance of anesthesia. Propofol may exert mixed pro- and anti-inflammatory effects on the immune system of healthy subjects [ 14 , 15 ]. It inhibits cyclooxygenase-2, reducing the production of prostaglandin E2, preserves the function of natural killer cells, diminishes the production of cytokines, and enhances activation and differentiation of peripheral T-helper cells which augment cellular immunity [ 16 ].…”

Effect of remifentanil co-administered with propofol on stress response and postoperative complications in patients with cerebral hemorrhage undergoing surgical anesthesia

“…It is typically treated via surgery [1]. Currently, minimally Trop J Pharm Res, August 2023; 22(8): 1734 invasive cerebral hemorrhage surgery is the primary surgical therapy, as it lowers the risk of brain injury and associated problems by reducing intracranial blood pressure and eliminating hematomas [2,3]. General anesthesia administered safely is essential for the success of surgical treatment and the comfort of the patient during the operation.…”