Effects of processing conditions on microstructure and mechanical properties of equal-channel-angular-pressed titanium

Shaat, Mohamed

doi:10.1080/02670836.2018.1478481

Cited by 17 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 149 publications

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“…During ECAP, the material (usually in rod or bar form) is forced through a bended channel (Pereira et al, 2017). At the channel bend, shear strain is generated in the material as it passes through (Shaat, 2018). The intensity of the shear deformation can be controlled by varying the internal channel angle and the outer curvature angle of the channel (Shaat, 2018).…”

Section: Processing Methodologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At the channel bend, shear strain is generated in the material as it passes through (Shaat, 2018). The intensity of the shear deformation can be controlled by varying the internal channel angle and the outer curvature angle of the channel (Shaat, 2018). Furthermore, higher strains can be obtained by repeating the process several times (Wang et al, 2017).…”

Section: Processing Methodologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These multiple passes can be performed repetitively with no change to the processing conditions, or a rotation can be imposed on the material between different ECAP passes (Wang et al, 2017). Scalability of the ECAP process to industrial standards is currently being investigated (Frint et al, 2011;Lefstad et al, 2012;Frint et al, 2016;Shaat, 2018). ECAP processing leads to significant grain refinement of the alloy, generally resulting in improved strength.…”

Section: Processing Methodologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rare Earth Based Magnesium Alloys—A Review on WE Series

2022

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Magnesium and magnesium alloys have attracted growing attention over the last decades as lightweight materials for a wide range of applications. In particular, WE series magnesium alloys have experienced growing interest over the last years due to their favourable mechanical properties at room and elevated temperatures. In addition, it has been reported that these rare earth-containing alloys possess superior corrosion resistance compared to other commonly used magnesium alloys, such as AZ series. This review aims at providing a concise overview of the research efforts made during recent years regarding the properties of WE series magnesium alloys (e.g., mechanical properties, corrosion behaviour), how these properties can be enhanced by controlling the microstructure of these materials, and the role of specific alloying elements that are used for the WE series. The widespread use of these materials has been limited, mainly due to their susceptibility to corrosion. Thus, in the present review, strong emphasis has been given to recent work studying the corrosion behaviour of the WE series alloys, and to protective strategies that can be employed to mitigate their degradation.

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Section: Processing Methodologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Processing Methodologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Processing Methodologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rare Earth Based Magnesium Alloys—A Review on WE Series

2022

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“…According to the literature, 90 rotation between each step invokes different slip systems and results in a more homogenous microstructure. [23,24] Due to this positive effect on homogeneity, B c was selected with a 0.1 mm s À1 ram speed. Precision feeding was provided with a screw feeding system.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasonic Assisted Incremental Equal Angular Channel Pressing Process of AA 6063

Bulutsuz

2020

Adv Eng Mater

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Recent technological developments need lightweight materials with high mechanical properties, especially in energy, automotive, and aerospace industries. [1,2] New chemical compositions have been developed with the increased demand for Al and their alloys. Moreover, to increase their mechanical properties, thermomechanical processes, such as extrusion, upsetting, and wire drawing, have widely been used for industrial applications of Al and its alloys. Severe plastic deformation (SPD) is one of the thermomechanical processes, which increases dislocation density. This increase results in finer grain sizes and increased mechanical properties, which render SPD techniques an attractive method. [3,4] Conventional methods, such as extrusion or upset forging, are able to deform, generally, external parts of materials. However, SPD methods, such as equal channel angular pressing (ECAP), can produce more homogenous strain distribution along the cross section of the material due to homogenous severe deformation. SPD methods are capable of doubling the mechanical strength while manufacturing ultrafine grain structures with mean grain sizes smaller than 400 nm. [4-6] Despite improved material properties' results of SPD techniques, most of them are still being used at the laboratory scale due to their manufacturing costs and usage difficulties. Materials size and length are the usage difficulties, which is generally restricted by die sizes. According to the literature, the ECAP is more convenient for producing longer specimens than other SPD methods for producing longer size ultrafine-grained materials. [7,8] However, this technique restricts the specimen length with its die size and plunger length, which is a significant limitation. High friction rate between the die walls and the specimen is another restriction for specimen size. Movable side walls during ECAP are developed as a solution to friction. However, the specimen length is limited to the die size. [9] Conform methods adapt continuous material feeding to SPD processes, which allow manufacturing fine-grained longer products. The conform SPD application was developed by Raab et al. in 2004 [10] for deformation of pure Al with ECAP. Various materials were used in conform methods, such as Ti G4, [11] TiNi, [12] Al6061, [13] and Al6101. [14] The most significant limitation of this method is the high friction rate between die and material. Especially, materials with low melting temperatures are effected from friction heat and result with a grain recovery that also decreases process efficiency. In the incremental ECAP (I-ECAP) process, which was first described in 2007, the material is fed step by step, and a punch deforms material between these steps; there are two separated synchronous movements of punch (deformation) and feeding system. [15] Thus, there is not a load on the specimen during feeding, which also eliminates high friction rates between die and specimen in contrast with traditional ECAP. Because of the continuous feeding of materials in the I-ECAP method, the ...

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“…In the last decades, severe plastic deformation (SPD) methods have been frequently used to produce ultrafinegrained (UFG) materials with unique mechanical and physical properties. This method includes various forming techniques to impose very high strains on materials leading to grain refinement [1]. Among the SPD methods, equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) due to obtaining the homogeneous microstructure and giving a strain of about 1 on each pass through the die has attracted the most attention [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An investigation on the effective parameters and optimal design in ECAP-Conform process of commercially pure titanium using statistical and numerical approaches

2022

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The Equal Channel Angular Pressing-Conform (ECAP-Conform) process has improved the mechanical and functional properties of materials as well as resolves the disadvantages of conventional ECAP. The main goal of this study was investigation of the variable in ECAP-Conform process of pure titanium Grade 2. The design of experiments with full factorial technique was implemented in conjunction with finite element numerical simulation.The equivalent plastic strain, required torque, applied force on the ECAP die, and the warping radius of the product were measured and results were interpreted using analysis of variance. It was found that the ECAP die angles and the rod bending angle have the highest effect on both imposed strain and required torque. Also, the rod bending angle and the rod-die friction had no significant effect on the warping radius. The optimal values were specified for minimizing the required torque, reaction force, and warping radius, and maximizing the imposed strain. Based on the optimal estimated parameters, the minimum values of torque, force, warping radius, and maximum value of equivalent strain were predicted to 8.4 kN.m, 42 kN, 0.36 m, and 1.7, respectively. Also, the response optimizer obtained the results with less than 8% error in comparison with numerical simulation.

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Effects of processing conditions on microstructure and mechanical properties of equal-channel-angular-pressed titanium

Cited by 17 publications

References 149 publications

Rare Earth Based Magnesium Alloys—A Review on WE Series

Rare Earth Based Magnesium Alloys—A Review on WE Series

Ultrasonic Assisted Incremental Equal Angular Channel Pressing Process of AA 6063

An investigation on the effective parameters and optimal design in ECAP-Conform process of commercially pure titanium using statistical and numerical approaches

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