Effects of probiotic supplementation on glycaemic control and lipid profiles in gestational diabetes: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Effect of Probiotics on Metabolic Outcomes in Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

“…After removal of duplicate publications and exclusion of irrelevant articles, four articles [33,34,35,36] reporting on four randomized controlled trials involving 288 participants were ultimately included (Figure 1). Characteristics of the included studies are shown in Table 1.…”

“…All trial participants were randomized to receive either a daily probiotic supplement or a placebo. Probiotic composition varied between studies, but all trials provided Lactobacillus spp., and three [34,35,36] provided Bifidobacterium spp. The duration of intervention ranged from 6–8 weeks.…”

“…Four studies investigated the effect of probiotic supplementation on FBG levels in pregnant women with GDM [32,33,34,35]. Two [33,35] of the four studies reported statistically significant reductions in FBG levels in the groups receiving probiotics in comparison to the groups receiving the placebo.…”

“…Four trials estimated insulin resistance in study participants by calculating HOMA-IR from fasting glucose and insulin values [33,34,35,36]. While one study found no change in insulin resistance between intervention and control groups following probiotic supplementation [33], three studies reported significant reductions in insulin resistance in the women receiving probiotics [34,35,36].…”

“…While one study found no change in insulin resistance between intervention and control groups following probiotic supplementation [33], three studies reported significant reductions in insulin resistance in the women receiving probiotics [34,35,36]. After meta-analysis ( n = 288), the pooled mean difference in HOMA-IR was −0.69 (95% CI −1.24, −0.14, p = 0.01), indicating a statistically significant effect favoring probiotic supplementation over placebo (Figure 3).…”