Effects of preoperative administration of carprofen on renal function and hemostasis in dogs undergoing surgery for fracture repair

Bergmann, H; Nolte, Ingo; Krämer, Sabine

doi:10.2460/ajvr.2005.66.1356

Cited by 24 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…It is now widely accepted that all animals deserve pain relief pre-operatively, perioperatively and postoperatively 3,25 . Although no records of previous studies comparing analgesic efficacy of morphine and carprofen could be found, similar conclusions on analgesic efficacy of the two drugs have been made in studies where either of these drugs was compared with some other drugs in other comparative analgesia studies 20,21,26,30,32,34 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is , however , evidence from ex vivo canine studies that it is cyclo-oxygenase (COX) type 2 selective while some authors suggest that it has limited COX activity 1,31 . With a half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) ratio, COX-2/COX-1, of 0.04-0.4, carprofen produces preferential inhibition of COX-2 when compared with most other NSAIDs 3,22 . The products of COX-2 are thought to be responsible for the inflammatory process, while cyclo-oxygenase COX-1, which is produced continuously in small quantities is responsible for production of the homeostatic prostaglandin and thromboxane mediators 28,31 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While the hypothesis developed in 1991 that COX-1 inhibition is associated with side-effects while COX-2 inhibition is associated with therapeutic effects still holds true, it has been modified as a result of recent developments such as the discovery of a third COX isoform, COX-3, and evidence of a role for central nervous system actions of NSAIDs as analgesics and anti-inflammatory agents in addition to their peripheral actions 22 . The injectable form of carprofen has undergone extensive use clinically pre-operatively with good effect and few reported sideeffects in cats and dogs 3,19 . Despite the fact that opioids and NSAIDs produce their effects by different mechanisms, it is still reasonable to compare the two since they are both used for relief of pain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of morphine and carprofen administered alone or in combination for analgesia in dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy

Dzikiti¹,

Joubert²,

Venter³

et al. 2006

J. S. Afr. Vet. Assoc.

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In this study the analgesic efficacy of the pure agonistic opioid morphine and the cyclo-oxygenase type-2-selective carprofen were compared since there is no previous specific comparative study for these two common analgesics. Forty-five bitches undergoing elective ovariohysterectomy were randomly assigned to one of three groups; receiving morphine 0.4 mg/kg bodyweight pre-operatively and 0.2 mg/kg every 4-6 hours thereafter (Morphine group), receiving a once-off carprofen 4 mg/kg injection (Carprofen group) or receiving both morphine and carprofen (MorphCarp group). The dogs were premedicated with acepromazine 0.01 mg/kg and induced with either thiopentone 5-10 mg/kg or propofol 4-6 mg/kg. General anaesthesia was maintained with halothane in oxygen. The degree of pain was assessed over a 24-hour period under blinded conditions using a pain scale modified from the University of Melbourne pain scale and the Glasgow composite pain tool. Physiological parameters such as respiratory rate, pulse rate and body temperature were also assessed over the same time period. There was no significant difference in pain-scores and thus analgesia offered by the three analgesia protocols at any assessment point across the three groups, but there were differences within groups across time points. Baseline total pain-scores were lower than scores at all post-operative points within all three groups. Both morphine and carprofen provided good analgesia without any obvious adverse effects. This study indicates that at the dosages indicated above, carprofen administered on its own produces analgesia equal to that produced by morphine and that the two drugs administered together do not produce better analgesia than either drug administered on its own.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of morphine and carprofen administered alone or in combination for analgesia in dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy

Dzikiti¹,

Joubert²,

Venter³

et al. 2006

J. S. Afr. Vet. Assoc.

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“…Ketoprofen has been shown to reduce platelet aggregation in dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy, although there was no concurrent effect on buccal mucosal bleeding time, questioning the clinical relevance of this finding (Lemke and others 2002). In another study carprofen did not cause clinically relevant changes in markers of haemostasis in dogs undergoing fracture repair (Bergmann and others 2005). …”

Section: Adverse Effects Of Perioperative Nsaid Usementioning

confidence: 98%

Perioperative use of non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs in cats and dogs

Murrell¹

2018

In Practice

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Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are efficacious analgesics that contribute to preventive and multimodal analgesic techniques. They are widely used for routine surgeries in cats and dogs and there is some evidence that it is advantageous to give NSAIDs before the start of surgery, rather than in the postoperative period. Despite their efficacy, the side effects of NSAIDs should always be taken into consideration when deciding whether to administer them to a particular patient. The kidney is a particularly vulnerable organ during anaesthesia, due to the high prevalence of hypotension in anaesthetised patients; the administration of a NSAID preoperatively means that it is imperative to monitor and support blood pressure during anaesthesia to prevent renal compromise on recovery. This article summarises the mechanism of action of NSAIDs and provides guidance for practitioners on their use in the perioperative period.

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“…Carprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory analgesic with COX-2 inhibitory effects. Carprofen has been shown to be safe and efficacious when given preoperatively to healthy animals undergoing fracture repair (Bergmann et al, 2005). Paracetamol is a centrally acting analgesic with mild to moderate effects (Rang et al, 2012).…”

Section: Casementioning

confidence: 99%

Opioid-free anaesthesia in three dogs

White¹,

Mair²,

Martínez-Taboada³

2017

Open Vet J.

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Opioid-free anaesthesia (OFA) is a relatively new and growing field in human medicine. There are multiple motivations behind this emerging practice with the recognition of several serious potential opioid-related adverse effects including opioid induced hyperalgesia, opioid tolerance and immunomodulatory effects of opioids. Opioids have long been the mainstay of veterinary anaesthesia and pain management practice. The feasibility of OFA in veterinary patients is presented here. A case series of three dogs that underwent OFA for canine ovariohysterectomy is reported. The authors conclude OFA is possible in veterinary medicine; however the move away from the familiar effects of opioids perioperatively is challenging. Gaining experience with these types of protocols for standard procedures in healthy animals, such as neutering, will provide the anaesthetist with the building blocks for more invasive surgeries.

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Effects of preoperative administration of carprofen on renal function and hemostasis in dogs undergoing surgery for fracture repair

Abstract: Carprofen did not cause clinically relevant adverse effects in dogs anesthetized for fracture repair after 5 days of treatment, even when it was administered before surgery or given to patients with trauma-induced alterations in renal function or hemostasis.

Cited by 24 publications

References 45 publications

Comparison of morphine and carprofen administered alone or in combination for analgesia in dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy

Comparison of morphine and carprofen administered alone or in combination for analgesia in dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy

Perioperative use of non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs in cats and dogs

Opioid-free anaesthesia in three dogs

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