Effects of predisposing, reinforcing and enabling factors on self-care behaviors of the patients with diabetes mellitus in the Minoodasht city, Iran

Abstract

BackgroundTo control diabetes mellitus (DM) it is necessary to make overall changes in the life style of the patients. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of predisposing, reinforcing and enabling factors on self-care behaviors of the patients with DM in the Minoodasht city, Iran in 2012.MethodsIn this quasi-experimental study, 78 people with DM were selected by convenience sampling method. In the first stage of study, the educational program was compiled and executed on six information sessions. To present the informative content, a video projector and different lecturing methods including questions and answers, dynamic group discussion and different educational materials such as pamphlets and CDs were employed. After one month, the efficiency of the educational program was determined by using the same questioner. Data were analyzed using paired sample T-test and McNemar test.ResultsThe mean age of participants was 49 (SD: 3.27.) years old, 87.2% were married, and 19.2% were illiterate. The results showed that the enabling factors like adopting to go on a diet and the educational classes facilitated by the staff had significant effects on health care behavior of the patients. Furthermore 69.2% of the participants adopted to go on a diet before the educational sessions; that figure increased to 94.9% after the educational sessions. According to the results the mean scores for the knowledge, attitude, and behavior, reinforcement factors and enabling factors increased significantly after of the educational intervention (p- value >0.001).ConclusionPredisposing, enabling and reinforcement factors affected in taking self-care behavior in the patient with DM.

Impact of a health educational guidelines on the knowledge, self-management practice and self-efficacy of patients with type-2 diabetes

“…The effect of the health educational intervention guidelines was confirmed by the regression analysis, which determined the intervention as a main independent predictor of the improvement of knowledge. The finding is in agreement with Abdo and Mohamed (2010) [36] in Egypt and Borhani et al (2015) [37] in Iran, who reported a similar success of an educational intervention for T2DM patients. Also in line with the current study results, Lewis et al (2015) [38] in a study in the United States revealed a retention of the post-intervention improvement in patients' knowledge at follow-up testing.…”

Relationship between the users' contact time in educational programs on diabetes mellitus and self-care skills and knowledge

“…Regarding the relationship between the contact time and reducing glycohemoglobin, there are studies that show a lack of relationship between these variables (4,9) . These studies, however, have determined what features of interventions have the greatest effect on glycemic control, and among them is the contact time.…”

“…In addition, studies have pointed out, among their key findings, the benefits obtained by educational interventions in the treatment and control of diabetes mellitus. The importance of considering the knowledge, attitudes, and care practices with diabetes as constituting skills also stands out, so that one can understand the behavior observed and guide its change (8)(9) . Thus, the contact time variable becomes feasible for measuring the association with the skills needed to control diabetes mellitus, thus verifying the influence on users' self-care practices.…”

“…In other words, the amount of contact time spent with users with diabetes in order to develop their autonomy is distinct from that which aims to make them responsible for their health (7)(8)(9) . Based on what has been presented, it is argued that the present study is justified based on the fact that there is little research in the national and international literature that assesses the impact of contact time on the results of educational programs for diabetes mellitus (4) .…”

“…Based on what has been presented, it is argued that the present study is justified based on the fact that there is little research in the national and international literature that assesses the impact of contact time on the results of educational programs for diabetes mellitus (4) . This gap was also identified by a meta-analysis study, which stressed that more studies on the frequency and duration of intervention could provide useful information for the effectiveness of educational interventions (8)(9) . The study also highlights the benefits generated by educational interventions in the treatment of diabetes mellitus.…”