Effects of pre-pregnancy maternal body mass index on gestational diabetes mellitus

Liu²,

et al. 2019

Exp Ther Med

Expression and correlation of Chemerin and fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4) in peripheral blood of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) patients were investigated. Sixty patients with GDM from March 2018 to March 2019 in the People's Hospital of Zhangqiu Area were selected as the study group (SG) and another 50 healthy pregnant women corresponding to their age and pregnancy were selected as the control group (CG). Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the expression of Chemerin and FABP4 in serum. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic value of Chemerin and FABP4 in peripheral blood for GDM patients. Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to analyze the correlation between Chemerin and FABP4 and the correlation between Chemerin and inflammatory factors such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Expression of Chemerin and FABP4 in peripheral blood of GDM patients were significantly higher than those in CG. The AUC of GDM patients diagnosed with Chemerin and FABP4 in peripheral blood was 0.820 and 0.814, while the AUC of GDM patients diagnosed with Chemerin combined with FABP4 in peripheral blood was 0.904. Expression of inflammatory factors IL-6 and TNF-α in the SG were significantly higher than those in the CG. Chemerin in the SG was positively correlated with FABP4 and positively correlated with inflammatory factors IL-6 and TNF-α. Patients with advanced age (≥35 years), family history of diabetes, hyperlipidemia, high pre-pregnancy BMI, high fasting blood glucose, high Chemerin and high FABP4 expression have high risk of GDM. In conclusion, Chemerin and FABP4 were upregulated in the peripheral blood of GDM patients. There was a positive correlation between the two and a positive correlation with the inflammatory factors IL-6 and TNF-α.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression and correlation of Chemerin and FABP4 in peripheral blood of gestational diabetes mellitus patients

Liu²,

et al. 2019

Exp Ther Med

“…4 Women who have presented with GDM show a higher risk of recurrence in future pregnancies and developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). 5 GDM is also a risk factor for maternal cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), including coronary artery disease, peripheral vascular disease, and myocardial infarction. Infants of diabetic mothers present metabolic, haematological, and cardiac disorders, respiratory stress, and neurological defects due to perinatal asphyxiation and other birth trauma such as macrosomia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…GDM prevalence in women with pre‐pregnancy obesity was approximately fourfold higher compared with women with pre‐pregnancy normal weight 4 . Women who have presented with GDM show a higher risk of recurrence in future pregnancies and developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) 5 . GDM is also a risk factor for maternal cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), including coronary artery disease, peripheral vascular disease, and myocardial infarction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Platelets and endothelial dysfunction in gestational diabetes mellitus

et al. 2023

The prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has increased in recent years, along with the higher prevalence of obesity in women of reproductive age.GDM is a pathology associated with vascular dysfunction in the fetoplacental unit. GDM-associated endothelial dysfunction alters the transfer of nutrients to the foetus affecting newborns and pregnant women. Various mechanisms for this vascular dysfunction have been proposed, of which the most studied are metabolic alterations of the vascular endothelium. However, different cell types are involved in GDM-associated endothelial dysfunction, including platelets. Platelets are small, enucleated cell fragments that actively take part in blood haemostasis and thrombus formation. Thus, they play crucial roles in pathologies coursing with endothelial dysfunction, such as atherosclerosis, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes mellitus. Nevertheless, platelet function in GDM is understudied.Several reports show a potential relationship between platelet volume and mass with GDM; however, platelet roles and signaling mechanisms in GDM-associated endothelial dysfunction are unclear. This review summarizes the reported findings and proposes a link among altered amount, volume, mass, reactivity, and

WIREs Mechanisms of Disease

“…Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is the most common metabolic disorder of pregnancy (Chiefari et al, 2017), with maternal age and obesity being important risk factors for GDM development (Li et al, 2020). The prevalence of overweight and obesity is rising in women of reproductive age (affecting up to 50%), highly contributing to an augmented prevalence of GDM (Rodrigo & Glastras, 2018; Shirley Muller & Nirmala, 2018). GDM is defined as any degree of glucose intolerance developed in late gestation after clearly dismissing pregestational diabetes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The birth of cardiac disease: Mechanisms linking gestational diabetes mellitus and early onset of cardiovascular disease in offspring

Tocantins

Diniz

Grilo

et al. 2022

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the biggest killer worldwide, composing a major economic burden for health care systems. Obesity and diabetes are dual epidemics on the rise and major risk factors predisposing for CVD. Increased obesity‐ and diabetes‐related incidence is now observed among children, adolescents, and young adults. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is the most common metabolic pregnancy disorder, and its prevalence is rapidly increasing. During pregnancies complicated by GDM, the offspring are exposed to a compromised intrauterine environment characterized by hyperglycemic periods. Unfavorable in utero conditions at critical periods of fetal cardiac development can produce developmental adaptations that remodel the cardiovascular system in a way that can contribute to adult‐onset of heart disease due to the programming during fetal life. Epidemiological studies have reported increased cardiovascular complications among GDM‐descendants, highlighting the urgent need to investigate and understand the mechanisms modulated during fetal development of in utero GDM‐exposed offspring that predispose an individual to increased CVD during life. In this manuscript, we overview previous studies in this area and gather evidence linking GDM and CVD development in the offspring, providing new insights on novel mechanisms contributing to offspring CVD programming by GDM, from the role of maternal–fetal interactions to their impact on fetal cardiovascular development, how the perpetuation of cardiac programming is maintained in postnatal life, and advance the intergenerational implications contributing to increased CVD premature origin. Understanding the perpetuation of CVD can be the first step to manage and reverse this leading cause of morbidity and mortality. This article is categorized under: Reproductive System Diseases > Molecular and Cellular Physiology Cardiovascular Diseases > Molecular and Cellular Physiology Metabolic Diseases > Genetics/Genomics/Epigenetics