Effects of Potassium Application on Lilium davidii var. unicolor Growth, Polysaccharide Accumulation, and Metabolism

Abstract

Lilium davidii var. unicolor is an important variety of lily with high economic, ornamental, edible, and medicinal values. Up to now, the research on polysaccharide as the main active substance is not vast, especially the effect of potassium on lily polysaccharide. Here, we investigated the effects of potassium fertilizer application on the growth and development, polysaccharide accumulation in the bulb, and differential metabolites in L. davidii var. unicolor. It was treated with fixed amounts of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), and four K concentrations comprising K0 (0 mg·L−1), K1 (447.6 mg·L−1), K2 (671.4 mg·L−1), or K3 (895.2 mg·L−1). The growth indexes were determined for L. davidii var. unicolor under different K concentrations in different growth stages. The polysaccharide contents of the bulbs were determined using the sulfuric acid−phenol method. An analysis of the differential polysaccharide metabolites was also conducted. The application of potassium promoted the growth and increased the bulb polysaccharide content of L. davidii var. unicolor, and the most suitable K concentration of 671.4 mg·L−1 had the most significant effects. Non-targeted metabolomics analysis screened 37 differential polysaccharide metabolites under K0 and K2, where 25 were significantly upregulated and 12 were significantly downregulated. Three metabolic pathways were enriched in polysaccharide-related differential metabolites, i.e., the galactose metabolism, amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism, and starch and sucrose metabolism. The results could provide a theoretical basis for an improved fertilization management and the high-quality cultivation of L. davidii var. unicolor.

Nutrient Uptake and Partitioning in Oriental Lilium

“…As for other nutrients, these results suggest that fertigation with K should be started early in the season. This initial high K accumulation may be associated with the synthesis and accumulation of polysaccharides in the bulbs, as reported by Sha et al [39] in L. davidii. At the end of the season, 44.3% of the total K measured in the plant came from the bulb, while the remaining 55.4% was absorbed from the growing medium (Table 1), and flowering was the developmental phase with the highest accumulation, as 89.3% of the total K was absorbed in this phase.…”

Antibiofilm Mechanisms of the Helical G3 Peptide against Staphylococcus epidermidis

“…epidermidis in the presence of commercial polysaccharides dextran (α1,6-glucan) and laminarin (β1,3-glucan) and PIS that were extracted from S. epidermidis by using the ethanol precipitation method. − Figure a shows that the presence of all three polysaccharides at a concentration of 4.5 μg/mL can significantly reduce the antibacterial activity of G3 and increase the MIC by more than 2 times. Compared with dextran and laminarin, PIS had the most obvious effects and could increase the MIC by 3 times.…”

“…The surface hydrophobicity of bacteria was expressed as the percentage reduction of the A 550 readings of the aqueous phase after mixing with the organic phase. In addition, the hydrophobicity of bacteria, which was incubated with G3 at a concentration of 4 μM for different time intervals (1,5,10,20,30,40,50, and 60 min), was also measured with the above method.…”

The Effects of Potassium Fertilizer on the Active Constituents and Metabolites of Bulbs from Lilium davidii var. unicolor

“…During the cultivation process of horticultural plants, fertilizers are used to ensure the plants' normal growth and improve their quality. Potassium fertilizer has been found to affect the accumulation of nutrients in plants [10]. Several studies have shown that the application of potassium fertilizer can increase the content of polysaccharides and other macromolecules in Lanzhou lily bulbs.…”