Effects of postnatal protein malnutrition on learning and memory procedures

Valadares, Camila Tavares; Fukuda, Marisa Tomoe Hebihara; Françolin-Silva, Ana Laura; Hernandes, A.S.; Almeida, Sebastião de Sousa

doi:10.1179/147683010x12611460764769

Cited by 39 publications

(43 citation statements)

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“…Learning and memory can be assessed at the performance data from the 24 successive trials at the MWM task and the long-lasting reference memory is analyzed according to the 26 th trial data at the Memory Retention Test. Previous studies have also demonstrated that the performance of malnourished rats was impaired compared to control rats both during learning acquisition and memory retention test (Fukuda et al, 2002;Fukuda et al, 2007;Valadares et al, 2010;Zhang et al, 2010) and other studies have presented results related to functional and morphological changes in the hippocampal formation as a consequence of early protein malnutrition (Fukuda et al, 2007;Matos et al, 2011) and protein deprivation in adulthood (Lukoyanov & Andrade, 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Considering several prior studies, it is plausible that the behavioral changes observed may be due to morphological, biochemical and/or functional alterations in the Central Nervous System (Almeida et al, 1996a;Bedi, 1991;Cintra et al, 1990;Galler et al, 1995;Huang et al, 2003;Lukoyanov & Andrade, 2000;Matos et al, 2011;Morgane et al, 1993;Morgane et al, 2002;Zhang et al, 2010), specifi cally on stress response regulation (Camargo, Nascimento, & Almeida, 2008;Françolin-Silva & Almeida, 2004;Rocinholi et al, 1997), observed in prenatal (Almeida, Tonkiss, & Galler, 1996b;Almeida, Tonkiss, & Galler, 1996c;Morgane et al, 1993) and postnatal malnutrition (Almeida et al, 1991;Camargo & Almeida, 2005;Castro, Tracy, & Rudy, 1989;Fukuda et al, 2002;Fukuda et al, 2007;Valadares et al, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In malnourished animals, as a consequence of previously reported changes in several neurotransmission systems (Almeida et al, 1996a), it has been described alterations in risk-assessment behaviors (Almeida et al, 1991), reactivity to aversive stimuli (Almeida & DeOliveira, 1994;Rocinholi, Almeida, & De-Oliveira, 1997), as well as in learning and memory (Hemb, Cammarota, & Nunes, 2010;Fukuda et al, 2007;Valadares et al, 2010;Wolf et al, 1986;Zhang et al, 2010).…”

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confidence: 98%

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Effects of acute stress on learning and memory processes of malnourished rats

Vales¹,

Fukuda²,

Almeida³

2014

Psicol. Reflex. Crit.

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Abstr actThe aim of the study was to investigate the effects of acute stress on the processes of learning and memory in malnourished rats tested in the Morris water maze. The animals were divided into eight groups according to nutritional status (malnourished or well nourished) and stress (stressed or unstressed). In Experiment I the animals were subjected to immobilization stress procedure before the learning session and in Experiment II after the learning sessions. The test consisted of two daily sessions, and a memory test after four weeks. There was loss of learning and memory in malnourished rats. In Experiment I the malnourished group was positively affected by acute stress, with signifi cant improvement of performance. No effects of stress on the animals' performance in Experiment II were observed. In the memory test, the malnourished rats showed defi cits in consolidation and recall, regardless of the occurrence of stress. The stress imposed 24 hours before the learning task improved performance of malnourished animals with a protective effect of stress. However there was no improvement in the processes of retention or recall from memory (previously learned information) assessed four weeks later, during the memory retention test. Keywords: Protein malnutrition, acute stress, learning, spatial memory. ResumoO objetivo do estudo foi investigar os efeitos do estresse agudo sobre os processos de aprendizagem e memória em ratos desnutridos testados no labirinto aquático de Morris. Os animais foram divididos em oito grupos de acordo com a condição nutricional (desnutridos ou bem nutridos) e estresse (não estressados ou estressados). No Experimento I os animais foram submetidos ao procedimento de estresse por imobilização antes da sessão de aprendizagem e no Experimento II após as sessões de aprendizagem. O teste consistiu de duas sessões diárias e um teste de memória após quatro semanas. Houve prejuízos de aprendizagem e memória em ratos desnutridos. No Experimento I o grupo desnutrido foi positivamente afetado pelo estresse agudo, apresentando melhora signifi cativa de desempenho. Não foram observados efeitos do estresse sobre o desempenho dos animais no Experimento II. No teste de memória os ratos desnutridos apresentaram défi cits de consolidação e evocação, independentemente da ocorrência de estresse. O estresse imposto 24 horas antes da tarefa de aprendizagem melhorou o desempenho de animais desnutridos com um efeito protetor do estresse. Entretanto não houve melhora nos processos de retenção ou evocação da memória (informações previamente aprendidas), avaliados quatro semanas mais tarde, durante o teste de retenção de memória. Palavras-chave: Desnutrição proteica, estresse agudo, aprendizagem e memória espacial. Mailing address:

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 98%

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Effects of acute stress on learning and memory processes of malnourished rats

Vales¹,

Fukuda²,

Almeida³

2014

Psicol. Reflex. Crit.

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“…Vários efeitos da desnutrição precoce sobre o comportamento dos animais na fase adulta já foram documentados em outros estudos (Hernandes, Françolin-Silva, Valadares, Fukuda, & Almeida, 2005;Valadares, Fukuda, Françolin-Silva, Hernandes, & Almeida, 2010). Um desses efeitos é o aumento da motivação por comida ou por água desses animais, quando expostos à privação (Laus, Vales, Costa, & Almeida, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Desnutrição Proteica Precoce Reduz O Intervalo Entre Tentativas De Ratos Em Tarefa De Discriminação Condicional

Silva¹,

Oliveira²,

Almeida³

2016

REBAC

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RESUMOA má nutrição precoce gera efeitos deletérios graves no crescimento, no comportamento e nas capacidades cognitivas de diferentes organismos, sendo a desnutrição proteica a principal insuficiência nutricional que pode ser examinada individualmente em estudos experimentais. O objetivo deste estudo foi testar o procedimento de correção de tentativas diretamente no treino de discriminação condicional, comparando o desempenho de animais previamente desnutridos e recuperados nutricionalmente, com o desempenho de animais controles. As curvas de desempenho dos grupos não indicaram uma melhora significativa nos acertos ao longo das sessões, mas ao final do treino os animais submetidos ao procedimento de correção de tentativas apresentaram melhor desempenho do que os animais não submetidos à correção. Os animais desnutridos apresentaram IETs médios menores do que os IETs apresentados pelos animais bem nutridos. Entre os fatores apontados como responsáveis pela não aprendizagem da discriminação condicional, destacam-se a programação da contingência e a disposição espacial aleatória dos estímulos de escolha durante o treino. Palavras-chave: desnutrição proteica; aprendizagem; discriminação condicional; correção de tentativas; IET. ABSTRACTEarly malnutrition generates severe deleterious effects on growth, behavior and cognitive abilities of different organisms, and protein malnutrition is the main nutritional insufficiency that can be examined individually in experimental studies. The aim of this study was to establish conditional discriminations in rats, comparing malnourished animals which have received nutritional recovery with control ones, and test the effects of a correction procedure. Even though animals under the correction procedure have performed better than the animals not submitted to it, their performances did not improve during training sessions. Malnourished animals showed lower average ITIs than wellnourished animals. Contingency planning and the random spatial presentation of choice stimuli are the factors pointed out as potentially responsible for the absence of a learning curve to the conditional discrimination, at the end of training.

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“…Modifications of functionality in nervous system cells due to nutrient deficiency promote changes in the processes involved in learning and memory (Valadares et al 2010). However, this fact is not fully proven because there are studies that indicate improvement in spatial memory in undernourished rodents (Smart et al 1976).…”

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confidence: 99%

Recognition memory and DNA damage in undernourished young rats

Molz

Ellwanger

Zenkner

et al. 2016

An. Acad. Bras. Ciênc.

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This study evaluated the recognition memory and the levels of DNA damage (blood and hippocampus) in undernourished young Wistar rats. The experiment was conducted along 14-week with rodents divided in control group (CG, n=8) and undernourished group (UG, n=12) which was submitted to caloric restriction. Nutritional status for undernutrition was defined by Body Mass Index (BMI) ≤0.45g/cm 2 and by weighting the organs/tissue (liver, spleen, intestine, peritoneal fat, kidney and encephalon). The Novel Object Recognition Test assessed recognition memory and the Comet Assay evaluated the levels of DNA damage. Student t test, 2-way ANOVA and Pearson's correlation analysis were used and the significance level was of p<0.05. The UG showed lower BMI and organ/tissue weights than CG (p<0.001). In shortterm memory, the recognition rate was higher in the UG (p<0.05), only after 4 weeks. In the long-term memory, again recognition rate was higher in the UG than the CG, after 4 weeks (p<0.001) and 14 weeks (p<0.01). The UG showed decreased levels of DNA damage in the blood (p<0.01) and increased levels in the hippocampus (p<0.01). We concluded in this study that the undernutrition by caloric restriction did not cause impairment in recognition memory, however induced DNA damage in the hippocampus.

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Effects of postnatal protein malnutrition on learning and memory procedures

Cited by 39 publications

References 50 publications

Effects of acute stress on learning and memory processes of malnourished rats

Effects of acute stress on learning and memory processes of malnourished rats

Desnutrição Proteica Precoce Reduz O Intervalo Entre Tentativas De Ratos Em Tarefa De Discriminação Condicional

Recognition memory and DNA damage in undernourished young rats

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