Effects of Polyethylene-Oxide Solutions on the Performance of a Small Propeller

Polymeric Additives as Flow Regulators

“…Moreover, the bubbles seem to collapse much more violently in water. This same pattern is observed in experiments on propeller cavitation where the addition of polymer reduces the high frequency pressure intensity fluctuation and high frequency noise content of the bubble collapse spectra (Sanders et al, 1973). In the preceding examples two factors seem to be present in the flow pattern. First, there is a decelerating flow which is accompanied by high stress levels.…”

Drag Reduction Using Additives in Smooth Circular Pipes Based on Experimental Approach

“…The research started in [4], which is useful for aiding in the transition of oil in the pipeline. Synthetic polymers have been widely discussed in research [24], examples of which include polyethylene oxide [52][53][54][55][56], polyisobutylene [57][58][59][60][61], poly (iso-decyl methacrylate) [62,63], polymethyl methacrylate [57,64], polystyrene [65,66], and others. Based on their effect on the environment, natural bio-degradable polymers have emerged, such as guar gum [67,68], xanthan gum [69,70], aloe vera, okra, locust bean, and others [34].…”

A review on drag reduction with special reference to micellar systems

“…However, it has been found by Lehman and Suessmann [352] that the lift problems in hydrofoils can be solved by the use of drag reducers, but special hydrofoil designs and special ejection processes are essential, lest there should be large reductions of lift probably due to a contracted wake induced by viscoelasticity as observed by Wolff and Cahn [353], Sarpkaya [354] and Kawada and Tagori [355]. Sanders et al [60] have also tested propellers at low Reynolds numbers and reported results comparable to those of Sarpkaya.…”