Effects of polychlorinated biphenyls on poultry reproduction

Kosutzký, J; Adamec, O.; Bobáková, E

doi:10.1007/bf01685497

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In our country bio-• logical and toxicological properties of PCB were studied, e. g., by Herzig (1984) and Vavrova and Mikulik (1988). The effects of PCB on poultry were investigated by Lillie et al (1975) and Kosutzky et al (1977Kosutzky et al ( , 1979. From all these studies it appears that PCB cumulate in fats and impair protein synthesis, thus exerting particularly marked effects on tissues of a high metabolic index and in growing animals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Polychlorinated Biphenyls on the Infection of Chickens with Non-oncogenic Marek's Disease Virus Strains

Halouzka¹,

Jurajda²

1992

Acta Vet. Brno

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Halouzka, R. and V. Jurajda: Effects oj Polychlorinated Biphenyls on the InJection of Chickens with Non-Oncogenic Marek's Disease Virus Strains. Acta vet. Brno, 61,1992: 207-217.The report describes the effects of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) on Brown Leghorn chickens infected with non-oncogenic strains (M and K) of Marek's disease virus (MDV) and observed during a 5-week period. Two groups of chicks were each infected with MDV isolates M and K, respectively, in doses of 10 3 PFU per bird and fed a non-contaminated feed mixture. Two other groups were infected in the same way and fed the same feed mixture contaminated with PCB at 50 mg per kg feed. Non-infected chickens fed the non-contaminated feed mixture were used as controls. At weekly intervals the birds were subiected to serological examination and weighed and their lymphoid organs, skin, nerves and gonads were examined histopathologically.PCB produced apathy, a reduction in body mass, moulting disorders and white discolouration of the feathers. They reduced the production of active MD-precipitating antibody and the incidence of microscopic MD-lymphoproliferative lesions, as compared with the data obtained in the birds only infected. They potentiated cytolytic changes in the lymphoid organs and, at the end of the experiment, caused atrophy of the bursa of Fabricius and of the thymus. Morphological signs of local cell--mediated immunity in the lymphoid organs were observed very rarely.The results are helpful to the differentiation of morphological immunosuppressive changes of different etiology and contribute to a better understanding of the causes of reduced immunological competence in poultry. Brown Leghorn chickens, polychlorinated biphenyls, non-oncogenic Marek's disease virus, lymphoid organs, immunosuppression

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Polychlorinated Biphenyls on the Infection of Chickens with Non-oncogenic Marek's Disease Virus Strains

Halouzka¹,

Jurajda²

1992

Acta Vet. Brno

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“…Depending on the degree of exposure, level of contamination and species of animal, PCBs can affect hepatic, reproductive, dermal or the immune system 456 ' 7 . Weight loss or reduced weight gain may be observed in animals exposed to PCBs 58 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical chemistry, growth and PCB levels in beef cattle exposed to a PCB fire

Chamberland¹,

Tremblay²,

Lamothe³

et al. 1994

Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry

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After the Saint-basile-le-Grand region, Province of Quebec, Canada, was contaminated by PCBs, sixty-five beef cattle heifers were housed at an experimental farm for a period of ten months. Body fat PCB levels were measured on day 0, 117 and 203 of the study to determine if the beef cattle could eliminate these xenobiotics over a ten month period when fed an equilibrated ration. Clinico-pathological parameters and weight gain were measured at various intervals during this study to evaluate the long term health effects of PCBs on the heifers.On day 0 of the study, which is actually 160 days after the PCB fire, the highest PCB level found was 3.20 µg/g of body fat. The mean body fat PCB level was 0.52 µg/g at the start of the study. Congeners BZ #118, BZ #138, BZ #153 and BZ #180 represented approximately 80% of all the PCBs present in the body fat on day 0 of the study. The body fat PCB levels declined either by metabolism or dilution during the study since the body fat PCB levels decreased to a mean value of 0.09 µg/g on day 203.The only clinical test that suggested the presence of a reversible effect was the trend observed for the aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels. The clinical data showed a decrease in the mean AST levels from 96 IU/L on day 0 to 70 IU/L on day 203 of the study. Throughout the study the AST levels were always within the reference range established for healthy cattle. Therefore, these results did not indicate the presence of a significant clinical effect. The observed AST trend only suggested that the PCB exposure may have caused this reversible effect. In coonclusion, the clinico-pathological data did not reveal the presence of a measurable long term health effect in the heifers.

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