Effects of Pollination by Honeybees on Yield and the Rate of Unmarketable Fruits in Forcing Eggplant Cultures

Hikawa, Mitsuharu

doi:10.2503/hrj.3.175

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Buzz-pollinated crops as defined above can be visited and pollinated to some extent by non-buzzing bees. Nevertheless, buzz-pollinating bees are often more efficient pollinators as shown in eggplant ( Hikawa 2004 ), blueberry and cranberry ( Stubbs and Drummond 1996 , Javorek et al 2002 ), kiwifruit ( Pomeroy and Fisher 2002 , Kim et al 2005 ), and tomato ( Banda and Paxton 1991 ). In blueberries, for example, honey bees can visit flowers to collect nectar ( Javorek 2002 ), and these managed non-buzzing bees can be used to pollinate this crop ( Martin et al 2019 ).…”

Section: Which Crops Are Buzz Pollinated?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, this does not mean that these plants are able to fully self-pollinate autonomously and numerous studies have determined that insect pollination improves fruit set and quality in a range of buzz-pollinated crops, including in tomato ( Banda and Paxton 1991 ), blueberry and cranberry ( Isaacs and Kirk 2010 , Benjamin and Winfree 2014 ), eggplant ( Pessarakli and Dris 2004 ), kiwi ( Miñarro and Twizell 2015 ), and the lulo ( Almanza Fandiño 2007 ). Of the more limited subsample of buzz-pollinated crops examined in field studies, there is also significant evidence to suggest that pollination specifically by bees able to perform buzz pollination increases fruit yield and quality still further, e.g., in tomato ( Banda and Paxton 1991 ), kiwi ( Kim et al 2005 ), blueberry and cranberry ( Stubbs and Drummond 1996 , Javorek et al 2002 ), and eggplant ( Hikawa 2004 ).…”

Section: To What Extent Do Buzz-pollinated Crops Rely On Pollination?mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Buzz-Pollinated Crops: A Global Review and Meta-analysis of the Effects of Supplemental Bee Pollination in Tomato

Cooley

Vallejo‐Marín

2021

Journal of Economic Entomology

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Buzz-pollinated plants require visitation from vibration producing bee species to elicit full pollen release. Several important food crops are buzz-pollinated including tomato, eggplant, kiwi, and blueberry. Although more than half of all bee species can buzz pollinate, the most commonly deployed supplemental pollinator, Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae; honey bees), cannot produce vibrations to remove pollen. Here, we provide a list of buzz-pollinated food crops and discuss the extent to which they rely on pollination by vibration-producing bees. We then use the most commonly cultivated of these crops, the tomato, Solanum lycopersicum L. (Solanales: Solanaceae), as a case study to investigate the effect of different pollination treatments on aspects of fruit quality. Following a systematic review of the literature, we statistically analyzed 71 experiments from 24 studies across different geopolitical regions and conducted a meta-analysis on a subset of 21 of these experiments. Our results show that both supplemental pollination by buzz-pollinating bees and open pollination by assemblages of bees, which include buzz pollinators, significantly increase tomato fruit weight compared to a no-pollination control. In contrast, auxin treatment, artificial mechanical vibrations, or supplemental pollination by non-buzz-pollinating bees (including Apis spp.), do not significantly increase fruit weight. Finally, we compare strategies for providing bee pollination in tomato cultivation around the globe and highlight how using buzz-pollinating bees might improve tomato yield, particularly in some geographic regions. We conclude that employing native, wild buzz pollinators can deliver important economic benefits with reduced environmental risks and increased advantages for both developed and emerging economies.

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Section: Which Crops Are Buzz Pollinated?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: To What Extent Do Buzz-pollinated Crops Rely On Pollination?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Buzz-Pollinated Crops: A Global Review and Meta-analysis of the Effects of Supplemental Bee Pollination in Tomato

Cooley

Vallejo‐Marín

2021

Journal of Economic Entomology

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“…To extract blueberry pollen efficiently, a floral visitor needs to vibrate the flower such that the vibrations are transmitted to the pollen within the anthers, stimulating it to leave via the small openings of the anthers; a behaviour known as sonication or buzz‐pollination (Buchmann & Hurley, 1978; Michener, 1962; Vallejo‐Marín, 2019). Probably because of this, bees that perform sonication in flowers are among the most effective pollinators of blueberries (Campbell et al, 2018; Cane et al, 1985; Javorek et al, 2002; Nicholson & Ricketts, 2019) and other buzz‐pollinated crops such as tomato, kiwi, cranberry and eggplant (Banda & Paxton, 1991; Cooley & Vallejo‐Marín, 2021; Hikawa, 2004; Kim et al, 2005; Stubbs & Drummond, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Native bees with floral sonication behaviour can achieve high‐performance pollination of highbush blueberry in Chile

Cortés‐Rivas

Smith‐Ramírez

Monzón

et al. 2022

Agri and Forest Entomology

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1. Blueberry is one of the most relevant buzz-pollinated crops worldwide and Chile is the most important global producer of fresh blueberries during wintertime in the Northern Hemisphere. Thousands of exotic Bombus terrestris are imported from Europe to pollinate blueberries. However, no study has investigated the performance of the native Chilean fauna to pollinate blueberry or other crops. Therefore, we aimed to compare the performance of native Chilean floral visitors with managed visitors to pollinate highbush blueberry.2. Per-visit pollination performance (stigmatic pollen deposition) and floral visitation were measured and the presence of sonication behaviour of flower visitors was evaluated for five cultivars in two blueberry orchards located in southern Chile.3. Floral visitors showed a preference for one or more blueberry cultivars, instead of visiting all cultivars equally. Floral visits with sonication deposited more conspecific pollen on stigmas than visits without sonication. Some native sonicating bees (Cadeguala and Bombus), especially Cadeguala occidentalis, were efficient pollen vectors of blueberry and better pollinators than honeybees (5.8 times more pollen transferred) similar to that of the managed bee B. terrestris. 4.The results indicate that some Chilean native bee species, especially those with sonication behaviour, can provide pollination service to highbush blueberry crops. ResumenAbejas nativas con comportamiento de sonicaci on floral pueden lograr un alto rendimiento de la polinizaci on de arándano alto en Chile

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“…Moreover, the automated taxonomic recognition of bees may apply to other buzz-pollinated plants, since they are primarily visited by bees that produce buzzing sounds to extract pollen [ 9 , 12 , 14 , 15 ]. Some of these plants are, as well as tomato, important food crops, like blueberry, kiwi, cranberry, and eggplant [ 9 , 75 – 77 ]. However, some procedures must be adopted to avoid sampling bias and facilitate acoustic recognition: (1) studies must focus on one plant species because the same bee species produce vibrations with different frequencies and duration when visiting different plant taxa [ 42 , 78 ]; (2) consider the limitations when analyzing the relative acoustical amplitude because this energy-related parameter is dependent on measurement procedures (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Machine learning approach for automatic recognition of tomato-pollinating bees based on their buzzing-sounds

et al. 2021

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Bee-mediated pollination greatly increases the size and weight of tomato fruits. Therefore, distinguishing between the local set of bees–those that are efficient pollinators–is essential to improve the economic returns for farmers. To achieve this, it is important to know the identity of the visiting bees. Nevertheless, the traditional taxonomic identification of bees is not an easy task, requiring the participation of experts and the use of specialized equipment. Due to these limitations, the development and implementation of new technologies for the automatic recognition of bees become relevant. Hence, we aim to verify the capacity of Machine Learning (ML) algorithms in recognizing the taxonomic identity of visiting bees to tomato flowers based on the characteristics of their buzzing sounds. We compared the performance of the ML algorithms combined with the Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC) and with classifications based solely on the from fundamental frequency, leading to a direct comparison between the two approaches. In fact, some classifiers powered by the MFCC–especially the SVM–achieved better performance compared to the randomized and sound frequency-based trials. Moreover, the buzzing sounds produced during sonication were more relevant for the taxonomic recognition of bee species than analysis based on flight sounds alone. On the other hand, the ML classifiers performed better in recognizing bees genera based on flight sounds. Despite that, the maximum accuracy obtained here (73.39% by SVM) is still low compared to ML standards. Further studies analyzing larger recording samples, and applying unsupervised learning systems may yield better classification performance. Therefore, ML techniques could be used to automate the taxonomic recognition of flower-visiting bees of the cultivated tomato and other buzz-pollinated crops. This would be an interesting option for farmers and other professionals who have no experience in bee taxonomy but are interested in improving crop yields by increasing pollination.

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Effects of Pollination by Honeybees on Yield and the Rate of Unmarketable Fruits in Forcing Eggplant Cultures

Cited by 8 publications

References 1 publication

Buzz-Pollinated Crops: A Global Review and Meta-analysis of the Effects of Supplemental Bee Pollination in Tomato

Buzz-Pollinated Crops: A Global Review and Meta-analysis of the Effects of Supplemental Bee Pollination in Tomato

Native bees with floral sonication behaviour can achieve high‐performance pollination of highbush blueberry in Chile

Machine learning approach for automatic recognition of tomato-pollinating bees based on their buzzing-sounds

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