Effects of Physical Exercise on Depressive Symptoms and Biomarkers in Depression

Archer, Trevor; Josefsson, Torbjörn; Lindwall, Magnus

doi:10.2174/1871527313666141130203245

Cited by 111 publications

(95 citation statements)

References 231 publications

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“…Our results and those of others by no means suggest overlooking the health benefits of exercise or not including physical activity in weight loss or management plans. There is ample evidence that exercise reduces cardiovascular disease and all causes of mortality (Hupin et al, 2015; Stewart, Benatar, & Maddison, 2015) as well as positive benefits in cognitive and emotional domains of health (Archer, Josefsson, & Lindwall, 2014). Our findings may be important to consider only in the context of weight loss, not in the context of overall health.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in the Association of Physical Activity and Children’s Overweight and Obesity Status Among the Major Racial and Ethnic Groups of U.S. Children

Guerrero

Flores²,

Vangala

2016

Health Educ Behav

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Objective To examine the relationship of exercise with overweight and obesity among an ethnically diverse sample of U.S. children. Method Data from the 2011–2012 National Survey of Children’s Health were analyzed to examine the relationship of daily exercise with children’s weight status. Propensity score covariate adjustment and multivariate logistic regression with survey weights were used to control for child, home, and community characteristics. Results Approximately 22% of all children ages 10 to 17 years engaged in daily exercise for at least 20 minutes. In the adjusted model for the entire sample, daily exercise was associated with children having a lower likelihood of being overweight or obese (odds ratio = 0.79; 95% confidence interval = 0.68–0.91). In a stratified analysis of the major racial and ethnic groups, however, while White children who exercised daily were found to have a lower odds of being overweight or obese (odds ratio = 0.70; 95% confidence interval = 0.60–0.82), this relationship was not found for most minority children. Conclusions Racial and ethnic minority children were not found to have the same weight status relationship with exercising daily. These findings suggest that some population-average exercise recommendations may not be as applicable to minority children.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in the Association of Physical Activity and Children’s Overweight and Obesity Status Among the Major Racial and Ethnic Groups of U.S. Children

Guerrero

Flores²,

Vangala

2016

Health Educ Behav

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“…It has been shown that there are differences expressed between those parents with and those without core eatingdisorder psychopathology; those parents presenting eating-disorder psychopathology reported greater perceived feeding responsibility, stronger concerns about their children's weight management and spent more time monitoring the children's intake behavior than those parents not presenting eating-disorder characteristics [23]. The notion concerning the conceptualization and measurement of pathological exercise in association with eating disorder, not least AN, is not novel, not least in its connotations with perfectionism and compulsive behaviour [24]. In a sample of 1,497 adult (608 men, 885 women, 4 other) individuals, it was found that those linked to physical exercise and an accompanying eating disorder, i.e.…”

Section: Editorialmentioning

confidence: 96%

Exercise in Anorexia Nervosa: Complexity of Pathology and Health

Archer¹

2016

Clin Exp Psychol

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EditorialAnorexia nervosa (AN) condition presents a serious and potentially life-threatening eating disorder characterized by episodes of self-starvation and excessive weight loss that may be accompanied by excessive exercise [1]. The notion that the condition offers a dysfunctional system of individuals' self-evaluation of self-worth, where self-worth as determined from perceived body shape and weight and the degree to which they consider themselves to be in control of their own shape and weight. The control need and necessity for specific body shape and weight appears to drive the pathologic dietary restraint and the consequent operationalization of these tendencies into various behavioural expressions and dietary rules that may either lead to success, e.g. outcome weight loss, or fail in implementation, e.g. resulting in subjective or objective binge eating episodes for example, often induced by the failure of restriction to dietary rules [2]. These notions support the essential over-evaluation of weight and shape and that this cognitive mind-set in its turn influences the attempts at eating restraint [3]. It has been observed also that low individual self-esteem exerts a general influence on over-evaluation of weight and shape [4]. Since low self-esteem in its turn has been shown to be associated with higher negative affect as measured with Positive Affect and Negative Affect Schedule [5,6], it appears conceivable that individuals afflicted with the psychopathology condition experience less positive and more negative affect, as a consequence of low self-esteem. Physical exercise influences cognitive, emotional, learning and neurophysiological domains, both directly and indirect, thereby rendering it essential that this noninvasive, non-pharmacological intervention ought to form a part of children's and adolescents' long-term health programs [7,8].Introducing exercise regimes has been found to be beneficial to the health and well-being of individuals, both under laboratory and clinical conditions and has been demonstrated using a variety of health guidelines and biomarkers [9]. Physical, bodily, activities enhancing or maintaining physical fitness mobilize the engagement of regular and frequent exercise thereby ensuring physical fitness to the exclusion of agents associated with health problems, e.g. pro-inflammatory cytokines and cortisol. Taking into account, the large proportion of individuals with more-or-less sedentary preoccupations, physical exercise presents uniquely one of the most potent health-promoting lifestyles available by rendering positive outcomes for both neurologic and psychiatric conditions [10][11][12][13][14][15]. It is beneficial also within domains defined by neurocognitive capacity, quality-of-life, postural and motor efficacy and affective status [16][17][18]. Generally, exercise has been defined as a planned, structured physical activity with the purpose of improving one or more aspects of physical fitness and functional capacity [19]. Health status may be estimated by the level of...

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“…This line of research has shown that individuals who adhere to different forms of conscious and planned physical exercise do not only improve their physical health and performance, but also psychological health, well-being, and intellectual performance (Archer and Garcia, 2014; Garcia et al, 2012). Among the elderly, for example, regular physical exercise with sufficient degree of physical effort and energy expenditure, serve as a proactive and prevention buffer against symptoms and biomarkers for several neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders (Archer, 2012; Archer and Kostrzewa, 2015; Archer and Kostrzewa, 2016; Archer et al, 2014; Garcia and Archer, 2014). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A brief measure to predict exercise behavior: the Archer-Garcia Ratio

Garcia

Daniele

Archer

2017

Heliyon

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BackgroundDifferent forms of conscious and planned physical exercise and activity that individuals perform improve not only physical but also psychological health, well-being, and both physical and intellectual performance. Here we put forward and test the predictive validity of the Archer-Garcia Ratio, a brief measure for exercise frequency computed using participants’ responses to two questions.MethodThe participants (N = 158) were recruited from a training facility in the south of Sweden. The Archer-Garcia Ratio was constructed by standardizing (i.e., z-scores) and then summarizing individuals’ responses to two questions: “How often do you exercise?” (1 = never, 5 = 5 times/week or more) and “Estimate the level of effort when you exercise” (1 = none or very low, 10 = very high). Participants responded also to the Godin Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire and allowed the collection of electronic data to track the number of times they had trained six months before and both six and twelve months after the survey.ResultsThe Archer-Garcia Ratio predicted, moderately, how often individuals had trained during the six months before and both six months and twelve months after the survey.ConclusionThe Archer-Garcia Ratio is a brief and valid self-report measure that can be used to predict actual retrospective and prospective exercise behavior. It offers a simple and straightforward form to estimate adherence, compliance and propensities of peoples’ exercise habits.

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Effects of Physical Exercise on Depressive Symptoms and Biomarkers in Depression

Cited by 111 publications

References 231 publications

Differences in the Association of Physical Activity and Children’s Overweight and Obesity Status Among the Major Racial and Ethnic Groups of U.S. Children

Differences in the Association of Physical Activity and Children’s Overweight and Obesity Status Among the Major Racial and Ethnic Groups of U.S. Children

Exercise in Anorexia Nervosa: Complexity of Pathology and Health

A brief measure to predict exercise behavior: the Archer-Garcia Ratio

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