Effects of photoperiod and light Spectrum on growth performance, digestive enzymes, hepatic biochemistry and peripheral hormones in spotted sea bass (Lateolabrax maculatus)

Hou, Zhi-Shuai; Wen, Haishen; Li, Jifang; He, Feng; Li, Yun; Qi, Xin; Zhao, Ji; Kaiqiang, Zhang; Tao, Ya-Xiong

doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2019.04.029

Cited by 30 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Kumari et al [ 1 ] also found that in some mammals, serum melatonin levels under constant light were significantly lower than those under constant darkness and 12L:12D. It is known that melatonin is mainly synthesized during the dark phase [ 39 , 40 , 41 ], thus matching our results. Interestingly, plasma melatonin levels sampled at night were clearly higher than those sampled during the day either under constant darkness or constant light, suggesting that melatonin secretion of the soft-shelled turtle was also likely to be regulated by some unknown endogenous factors.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Effects of Extreme Light Cycle and Density on Melatonin, Appetite, and Energy Metabolism of the Soft-Shelled Turtle (Pelodiscus sinensis)

Zhong-hua

Liu

Niu

2022

Biology

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Constant darkness and constant light exposure often disturb the circadian rhythm in the behavior and energy metabolism of vertebrates. Melatonin is known as the hormonal mediator of photoperiodic information to the central nervous system and plays a key role in food intake and energy balance regulation in vertebrates. The popularly cultured soft-shelled turtle Pelodiscus sinensis has been reported to grow better under constant darkness; however, the underlying physiological mechanism by which darkness benefits turtle growth is not clear yet. We hypothesized that increased melatonin levels induced by darkness would increase appetite and energy metabolism and thus promote growth in P. sinensis. In addition, in order to elucidate the interaction of photoperiod and density, juvenile turtles were treated under three photoperiods (light/dark cycle: 24L:0D, 12L:12D, 0L:24D, light density 900 lux) and two stocking densities (high density: 38.10 ind./m2, low density: 6.35 ind./m2) for 4 weeks, and then the blood and brain tissues of turtles were collected during the day (11:00–13:00) and at night (23:00–1:00) after 2 days of fasting. We examined changes in plasma melatonin levels, food intake (FI), and appetite-related hormones (plasma ghrelin and leptin), as well as growth and energy metabolism parameters such as specific growth rate (SGR), standard metabolic rate (SMR), plasma growth hormone (GH), and thyroid hormone/enzyme activity (plasma triiodothyronine T3, thyroxine T4, and T45′-deiodinase activity). Moreover, we also assessed the responses of mRNA expression levels of food intake-related genes (kisspeptin 1 (Kiss1); cocaine amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART); neuropeptide Y (NPY)) in the brain. The results showed that under high density, SGR was the lowest in 24L:0D and the highest in 0L:24D. FI was the highest in 0L:24D regardless of density. Plasma melatonin was the highest in 0L:24D under high density at night. SMR increased with decreasing light time regardless of density. Most expressions of the measured appetite-related genes (Kiss1, CART, and NPY) were not affected by photoperiod, nor were the related hormone levels, such as plasma leptin, ghrelin, and GH. However, thyroid hormones were clearly affected by photoperiod. T3 level in 0L:24D under high density during the day was the highest among all treatment groups. T4 in 24L:0D under high density during the day and T45′-deiodinase activity in 24L:0D under low density at night were significantly reduced compared with the control. Furthermore, the energy metabolism-related hormone levels were higher under higher density, especially during the day. Together, melatonin secretion is not only modulated by light but also likely to be regulated by unknown endogenous factors and density. Altered plasma melatonin induced by constant darkness and density seems to be involved in the modulation of energy metabolism rather than appetite in the soft-shelled turtle.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Effects of Extreme Light Cycle and Density on Melatonin, Appetite, and Energy Metabolism of the Soft-Shelled Turtle (Pelodiscus sinensis)

Zhong-hua

Liu

Niu

2022

Biology

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“…It has been demonstrated that the growth performance of various aquatic animals can be enhanced by continuous lighting or extending the light cycle, for example, striped knifejaw, Oplegnathus fasciatus [12], Artemia urmiana [13], Mudcrabs, Scylla serrata [14], barfin flounder larvae, Verasper moseri [45], longarm river prawn, Macrobrachium tenellum [46], and spotted sea bass, Lateolabrax maculatus [15]. In the present study, manipulating the photoperiod (especially 16L:8D) imperceptibly increased the growth performance (body weight and specific growth rate) of the fairy shrimp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The photoperiod is assumed as an important environmental cue to regulate the growth, development, maturity, and other vital physiological traits of animals [11]; however, it should be noted that other ambient factors including temperature, lunar cycle, pH, population density, and food availability might also play an important role in this regard. In aquatic species, it has been successfully used to improve growth during different life stages [12][13][14][15]. As an external stimulus, photoperiod triggers many physio-biochemical processes, such as tissue growth and circadian rhythms of development and enzymes activity, in most crustaceans [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological Impact of Photoperiod on Fairy Shrimp (Branchinecta orientalis): Life History and Biochemical Composition

Farhadi

Kangarloei

Ahmad

et al. 2021

Biology

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B. orientalis, fairy shrimp, is often among the most conspicuous invertebrates inhabiting temporary aquatic habitats with a typical variation in environmental conditions. Its life history characteristics and biochemical composition were studied under four different photoperiodic regimes (24L:0D, 0L:24D, 16L:8D, and 12L:12D). The significantly highest cumulative and initial hatching rates (48 h) were obtained at 24L:0D (p < 0.05). Cultivating the larvae under different photoperiods did not significantly affect specific growth rate (SGR) (p > 0.05). However, higher final total body length and daily growth rate were recorded under constant darkness. Higher lipid content was found at 24L:0D to the extent that it was more than two times higher than that at 16L:8D and 12L:12D (p < 0.05). There was also a remarkable increase in body crude protein content at 24L:0D (p < 0.05). Body fatty-acid profiles of the fairy shrimps were also affected by culture condition (p < 0.05). Extension of lighting period resulted in a subtle increase in body contents of arginine, lysine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, valine, methionine, and phenylalanine, especially in the group kept under a 16L:8D regime. The highest and lowest digestive enzyme activity was observed at 0L:24D and 24L:0D, respectively (p < 0.05). In contrast, the highest and lowest soluble protein content was recorded at 24L:0D and 0L:24D, respectively (p < 0.05). Similarly, antioxidant status was significantly higher at 0L:24D (p < 0.05). In conclusion, a 16L:8D light–dark cycle might be an optimal condition in terms of growth performance and physio-biochemical characteristics. These findings could be helpful in optimizing the rearing conditions for upscaling B. orientalis production.

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“…The longer wavelengths (such as the red spectrum) penetrate shallow water, whereas shorter wavelengths (such as the blue and green spectra) predominate in deeper sea waters (Wu et al, 2020). Several studies have demonstrated the effects of light spectra on the growth performance, oxidative stress and immune‐physiological responses of sea bass ( Lateolabrax maculatus ), turbot ( Scophthalmus maximus ) and goldfish ( Carassius auratus ) (Hou et al, 2019; Wu et al, 2020; Wu et al, 2021; Noureldin et al, 2021). The rainbow trout is a visual predator and sensitive to a specific light spectrum, but which light spectrum is best for the welfare of this species has not been determined.…”

Section: Parameters Light Spectra White Red Green Bluementioning

confidence: 99%

Growth, oxidative stress and the non‐specific immune response of Oncorhynchus mykiss exposed to different light spectra

Sun

Zhao

et al. 2022

Aquaculture Research

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Effects of photoperiod and light Spectrum on growth performance, digestive enzymes, hepatic biochemistry and peripheral hormones in spotted sea bass (Lateolabrax maculatus)

Cited by 30 publications

References 48 publications

Effects of Extreme Light Cycle and Density on Melatonin, Appetite, and Energy Metabolism of the Soft-Shelled Turtle (Pelodiscus sinensis)

Effects of Extreme Light Cycle and Density on Melatonin, Appetite, and Energy Metabolism of the Soft-Shelled Turtle (Pelodiscus sinensis)

Biological Impact of Photoperiod on Fairy Shrimp (Branchinecta orientalis): Life History and Biochemical Composition

Growth, oxidative stress and the non‐specific immune response of Oncorhynchus mykiss exposed to different light spectra

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